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Braun names 3rd president of Indiana Economic Development Corp. in less than 2 years
Indiana’s state agency for business recruitment will soon have its third leader since Gov. Mike Braun took office early last year.
Science Corp. names president as it looks to roll out vision-restoring implant
Former chief strategy officer Darius Shahida will continue leading commercialization efforts as Science rolls out its Prima implant to Europe.
National Book Awards: Marlon James, Louise Erdrich and Karl Ove Knausgaard make long lists
Marlon James' novel “The Disappearers,” about the persecution of gay men in 1980s Jamaica, is nominated for a National Book Award | Talk 1370
National Book Awards: Marlon James, Louise Erdrich and Karl Ove Knausgaard make long lists
Marlon James' novel “The Disappearers,” about the persecution of gay men in 1980s Jamaica, is nominated for a National Book Award | WWL
Bowl projections for the Auburn Tigers ahead of Week 3
How much has Auburn football's postseason stock risen after two games?
GTA Online Will Be Supported 'Beyond' GTA 6 Release, PC 'Becoming More and More Important'
Rockstar Games plans to support GTA Online "beyond" the launch of Grand Theft Auto 6, parent company Take-Two has confirmed.
Inside SJSU football’s blueprint for discipline under pressure
San Jose State has struggled to start fast and now has to slow down a Fresno State team that hits hard and plays physical as any of the Spartan’s previous three games. SJSU head coach Ken Niumatalolo isn’t calling that a discipline problem, as much as it is a discipline system, one built all camp, […]
CASE STUDY: How Standardizing Purchasing With Staples Business Drove 17% Savings
When the team at Claiborne Senior Living sought to standardize purchasing processes, they turned to one of the most trusted names in business — and now
Anonymous Steelers player calls out league for international games policy
In a recent ESPN piece, one anonymous Steelers called out the league for its policy on international travel for games.
Spalletti explains what he expects from NEC Nijmegen
NEC Nijmegen have emerged as one of the most exciting teams in Europe this season, playing a fine brand of football that opens opponents up during matches and helps them win games.Their next opponent ...
Jaissle on injuries, showing 'clear reaction' and faith in Botman
Newcastle United boss Matthias Jaissle has been speaking to the media before Saturday's Premier League game against Hull City at St James' Park (kick-off 15:00 BST). There is "no real update" on Anthony Elanga, who missed out on the matchday squad last time out. Jaissle said: "I've just spoken to him and he is having an MRI in the next 30 minutes, so we will get more clarity then."
Important Games to watch: Week 3
Week 3 is here and the matchups for this week really set the tables for whats to come next week.
Pelicans Player Names Cavaliers Star James Harden His Inspiration
A New Orleans Pelicans player named Cleveland Cavaliers star James Harden his inspiration.
RFK Jr. Names New Members to Powerful Health Panel Whose Work He Has Blocked
Mr. Kennedy has repeatedly interfered with the work of the United States Preventive Services Task Force, whose recommendations guide insurance coverage for many Americans.
Clark calls for more discipline from Hartlepool
Hartlepool United are on a run of five losses in six league games, and have had players sent off in three of those defeats.
Valor Mortis is only $40 because its developer knows you'll be choosing from a lot of big games over this "stacked" autumn
Valor Mortis, previously delayed to avoid a busy September, has today revealed it won't be as expensive as many of the games releasing around the same time.
Florida basketball to host Stetson in exhibition game
Florida basketball will now play in two exhibition games prior to the start of the 2026-27 season.
How Trey Yesavage Can Help Toronto Blue Jays Down Stretch
The Blue Jays enter Friday's massive series opener in Arlington at 1.5 games back in the wild card race.
Jakirovic on team news, expectations and international break
Hull City boss Sergej Jakirovic has been speaking to the media before Saturday's Premier League game against Newcastle at St James' Park (kick-off 15:00 BST). Nobel Mendy will not feature because of concussion protocols, but "everything is fine" and he is "good". Matt Targett is a doubt after twisting his ankle.
Yahoo Sports Picks Hornets Over LeBron James' 76ers as Most Improved NBA Team
Yahoo Sports believes the Charlotte Hornets improved the most this offseason.
NFL Week 2 games of interest for the Cleveland Browns
Beyond the Browns matchup in Week 2, there are several games that deserve fan’s attention
Kilmarnock v Hearts: Pick of the stats
Kilmarnock have lost all three of their home league games this season, last losing four in a row in the Scottish Premiership in August 2017, and last doing so within a single campaign in May 2015. Hearts have scored a league-high four goals from set-pieces (excluding penalties) in the Premiership this season, while Kilmarnock have conceded the most from non-penalty set-pieces (5). After their 1-0 victory in March, Kilmarnock are looking for back-to-back home wins over Hearts in the league for the first time since March 2014.
Ole Miss vs LSU: A CFB27 simulation
Forgive me for allowing the first two games of the season to slip through the cracks. If it makes you feel any better, EA Sports did simulate a 2-0 start to the season! But, just like last season, we will simulate each game and see how accurate CFB27 is to the real world. Last year […]
Can researchers trust that AI models won’t leak their ideas?
Research funders are asking how they can stop confidential scientific ideas in grant proposals from leaking out through large language models (LLMs), for example if reviewers use AI to help them judge applications. Last week, a row erupted in mathematics after OpenAI announced it had solved a notoriously difficult problem, only for another mathematician to demand answers over whether the company had used ideas he had fed into its models. The spat, and the broader issue of idea leakage through AI models, was discussed by funders at an R&D policy conference held in Paris on September 14. At worst, it threatens to undermine the correct attribution of breakthroughs, one of the foundations of modern science. The mathematics dispute around OpenAI is “certainly something we're looking at” Jason Gallo, head of the newly established Office of Metascience at the US National Science Foundation (NSF), told the Blue Sky Forum, hosted by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The controversy started on September 8, when OpenAI announced it had cracked a mathematical problem that had gone unsolved for 90 years. Using a swarm of AI agents, millions of dollars’ worth of computing power and a new internal model, the company said it had finally proved that a long-used formula for modelling fluid dynamics breaks down under certain conditions. However, Tristan Buckmaster, a New York University mathematician who had been independently working with collaborators on the same problem using OpenAI’s Codex tool, hit back with a statement questioning whether the company had snooped on his Codex sessions to gain an advantage. OpenAI has always denied it looked up the “specific user data” of Buckmaster and colleagues. However, the company initially admitted that “while unlikely, we cannot rule out that de-identified data derived from their usage of our products helped improve our models,” although its proofs “differ significantly” from Buckmaster’s. The firm later said that, following an investigation, it concluded that Buckmaster’s Codex prompts “could not have influenced the [OpenAI] system in any way, including through training.”Funder concernYet OpenAI’s initial admission that its model might have ingested Buckmaster’s ideas, then spat them out to its own mathematicians, has scientistsworriedthat their work could leak out if shared with AI. Some AI tools give users an opt-out option to stop their sessions from training the model. If such guarantees can be trusted, this gives scientists some confidence they can use an LLM to develop an idea without the risk of it leaking out.But there’s a bigger potential vulnerability. To win money to investigate ideas, scientists have to share them with funding bodies. These grant proposals are normally kept strictly confidential, to prevent other scientists from scooping them, or to protect commercially valuable intellectual property. To preserve this confidentiality, when the NSF uses AI models, “we have to be sure that it's not making server calls out to an external party, leaking that data,” said Gallo to delegates in Paris. Leaks through reviewersHowever, funders normally use external academic reviewers to assess proposals. And there are growing worries that these reviewers are feeding grant ideas into AI models to help them make a judgement. Research funders have noticed that peer review reports and funding recommendations have “suddenly become much longer, more detailed and complex,” said Diogo Machado, head of the data science unit at Technopolis, a science and technology-focused consultancy. “The sense is that reviewers are increasingly using generative AI in their review work, even where guidelines sometimes forbid it,” he told Science|Business. “This is very difficult for funders to control or prove.” Happening at scaleThis sharing of confidential proposals with AI models is “happening at scale already,” said James Wilson, executive director of the Research on Research Institute, based at University College London, during the debate in Paris. In response, Gallo said the NSF had “strict guidance” around the uploading of proposals to AI models. But he added the NSF was mulling new types of assessment to make sure applicants were truly the originators of their ideas, such as following a short-form proposal with an oral presentation, which would allow the foundation to “really interrogate the investigator on their intellectual contribution.” Related articlesHow can Europe cope with a flood of AI-assisted research grant proposals?The risks and benefits of AI in screening research grant proposals Viewpoint: AI could make scientific overload worse“For us as funders, a lot of the ways to ensure that the application remains the applicant's own intellectual contribution, those ways are quite regressive,” Peter Clifford, head of strategy at Research Ireland, told delegates. “They're maybe ten or 15 or 20 years old, and they don't scale particularly well.” Disputes over the origin of ideas are as old as modern science. Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz spent more than a decade arguing over who invented calculus, for example. And long before LLMs emerged, academics would agonise over how much of their early work to reveal at conferences, in case their colleagues scooped them, Jack Leahy, a senior metascience advisor to the UK government, told delegates. But AI was “accelerating” the “problems of the system,” he said.
Dundee v Motherwell: Pick of the stats
A Dundee player leads the 2026-27 Scottish Premiership for tackles (Ryan Finnigan, 23), interceptions (Owen Bevan, 12) and possession won (Ethan Hamilton, 38). Motherwell have lost their past two league games by an aggregate score of 5-0. The Steelmen could lose three in a row for the first time since February 2025 (5), and could do so without scoring for the first time since December 2018 (3).
Working Missourians can't afford hidden hospital contract games
Every year, the trustees of our carpenters’ health and welfare fund sit down to figure out how much it will cost to keep our members and their families covered. And every year, the number goes up. Not because our members are getting sicker. Not because they’re using more care. It goes up because health care […]
Benson, James offer differing plans on tariffs, data centers, health care at Detroit Economic Club
The two major party candidates for Michigan governor answered questions before the Detroit Economic Club Wednesday. As Russ McNamara reports, Republican John James and Democrat Jocelyn Benson had differing visions of governance.
Netflix content chief Bela Bajaria defines event strategy as streamer eyes more live sports
Bajaria said Netflix would be open to a package of international NFL games if one becomes available when the league renegotiates its media rights agreements.
Free Play Days features two free Xbox games this weekend
Free Play Days returns with another selection of free Xbox games that Game Pass subscribers can check out for no extra cost over the weekend.
Gonçalo Ramos’ stats fuel fears of Milan’s No. 9 curse
New Milan signing Gonçalo Ramos has not registered a single shot on target in his last three games and, against Benfica, lost possession 16 times.Pressure mounts on Milan striker Gonçalo Ramos, who ...
James Milner returns to Liverpool to help coach academy players
James Milner has returned to Liverpool to take his first step into coaching, according to The Athletic.The former England international has joined Liverpool’s academy to temporarily help coaches wor...
Morrison knows Wolves is more than just another game
Fan writer Chris Hall reflects on West Bromwich Albion boss James Morrison's past derby day experiences with Wolverhampton Wanderers.
Germany's Nations League squads
Germany coach Jürgen Klopp has announced two squads for his first four matches in charge in the Nations League. Squad one for the games in the Netherlands on September 24 and against Greece on September 27: Goalkeepers: Finn Dahmen (Augsburg), Alexander Nübel (Besiktas), Marc-André ter Stegen (Ajax) Defenders: Hennes Behrens (Augsburg), Yann Aurel Bisseck (Inter Milan), Nathaniel Brown (Bayern Munich), Max Rosenfelder (Freiburg), Nico Schlotterbeck (Borussia Dortmund), Jonathan Tah (Bayern Munic
Xbox Tokyo Game Show Sale kicks off with big discounts on 700+ titles
This year's Xbox Tokyo Game Show Sale is now up and running on the Microsoft Store, offering hefty discounts across some big-name games, DLC packs, and more.
Valakari reveals chats helped Taylor and Finlayson
St Johnstone manager Simo Valakari has revealed that Taylor Steven explored his options away from McDiarmid Park this summer before the 21-year-old winger earned a starting place for the last three matches. St Johnstone manager Simo Valakari has admitted that he felt the need to have a "strong conversation" with Daniel Finlayson after leaving the 25-year-old defender out his side for three games before his return against Celtic.
'We can't just throw everything at Carrick'
"We have to be careful to not go too over the top with this result," said former Premier League midfielder Jobi McAnuff after Manchester United threw away a two-goal lead against Brighton in the Carabao Cup third round. A section of United fans made their feelings clear with boos at full-time, with Michael Carrick's team having taken just two wins from six games in all competitions this season. "Michael Carrick is incredibly experienced," McAnuff told BBC Radio 5 Live's Football Daily.
Brewers' nightmare seeding, matchup scenarios for 2026 MLB Playoffs
The Milwaukee Brewers have already completed their first objective by clinching a fourth consecutive National League Central title. Their remaining games are not ceremonial. Milwaukee still needs to secure the postseason route most likely to keep its historic season alive. The Brewers head into Thursday at 95-57, three games ahead of the Los […] The post Brewers' nightmare seeding, matchup scenarios for 2026 MLB Playoffs appeared first on ClutchPoints.
Husker football scouting report: North Dakota
Nebraska football won its first two games but arguably North Dakota could be the toughest test of its non-conference schedule this season.
Get a first look at Monster Hunter Wilds running on Nintendo Switch 2
Some of the first gameplay of the new Nintendo Switch 2 version of Monster Hunter Wilds has now emerged. Capcom recently showed off this version ahead of its appearance at the 2026 Tokyo Game Show. Thanks to GameSpot, we have 17 minutes of footage. Everything shown here is for handheld mode, so we’ll need to wait a bit longer to...
India in action at FIDE Chess Olympiad, East Bengal draw in AFC CL 2; Asian Games preparations: Indian Sports LIVE, September 17
Here are all the updates from Indian sports on September 17, 2026.
Republican groups begin raining money down on Senate race in Texas
The GOP has committed tens of millions of dollars to support Ken Paxton in his tight race against Democrat James Talarico.
Drew Doughty named captain of the Kings, succeeding Anze Kopitar
Drew Doughty was named captain of the Los Angeles Kings on Wednesday, inheriting the leadership position left vacant by Anze Kopitar's retirement. The 36-year-old Doughty is the franchise leader among defensemen in numerous categories, including goals, assists, points and games played and was a key piece in their Stanley Cup victories in 2012 and 2014. “Being named captain of an NHL team is something I’m truly honored by, and it’s something I take great pride in,” Doughty said in a statement released by the team.
Abendzeitung names Bayern Munich’s hottest young prospects to emerge
Despite difficult start for Bayern II, several young talents are making a strong impression at the club's academy.
Wednesday injury report for the Browns Week 2 matchup
The Browns had a injury report on Wednesday ahead of Week 2 that had some new names on it..
Lollipop Chainsaw 2 Back2Back announced for PS5
Publishers Dragami Games and Nada Holdings, and developer JP Universe have announced Lollipop Chainsaw 2 Back2Back for PlayStation 5. It will launch in 2027. It is also playable at Tokyo Game Show …
DBEDT brings business resources to entrepreneurs statewide
The Hawai‘i Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism will participate in the Innovate Maui Nui Conference on Maui on Sept. 23.
Benson, James discuss tariffs, taxes and business growth at Detroit Economic Club town hall
Miller Names Morejon As Most Valuable Reliever In Baseball
Mason Miller gets most of the accolades in the San Diego Padres bullpen, but he thinks another reliever is valuable.
Benson, James pitch tariff remedies, business boosts & data center limits at Detroit Economic Club
DETROIT — The respective Republican and Democratic nominees for Michigan governor on Wednesday each proposed new solutions to the economic tariffs levied by the administration of President Donald Trump, especially those being used against Canada. Addressing the Detroit Economic Club on Wednesday afternoon in separate speaking events were Republican U.S. Rep. John James and Democrat […]
ESPN Names Kevin McGonigle the Tigers’ Biggest Success
ESPN named Kevin McGonigle the Tigers' biggest success story, and his 6.7 WAR backs it up. #Tigers
Indiana basketball schedule closes with Purdue, features Power 4 challenges
Neutral-site games in New York City, Indy and a football stadium precede Big Ten play, which features two against Purdue.
‘Resident Evil’ review: Zach Cregger’s masterful love letter to the games
The latest live-action film is a brilliant love letter to Capcom’s horror video game franchise that will delight (and terrify) fans and newcomers alike.
3 young players expected to make Mancini’s first Italy squad
The first squad of Roberto Mancini’s second era as coach of the Azzurri is upon us, and while the names are not set in stone, it is confirmed that he will look to build a young core early on to buil...
Packers sign 320-pound defensive tackle to the practice squad
The Packers are taking a look at bolstering depth along the defensive line. According to Bill Huber of Packers on SI, the Packers have signed former Indianapolis Colts defensive tackle Eric Johnson to the practice squad. Packers Sign DL Eric Johnson Johnson, 6-foot-4 and 320 pounds, has appeared in 51 career games while producing 41 [...]
Lena Dunham welcomes her first child via surrogate
The 40-year-old writer-actor has been open about her fertility struggles, most recently in her 2026 memoir 'Famesick," in which she explained her journey with severe endometriosis, her decision to undergo a hysterectomy and failed IVF cycle.
Syracuse football: home and away ACC games confirmed for 2027
Big update on next year’s conference schedule.
Rex Chapman gets expanded TV role calling Suns games
For fans tuning in on the radio, Arizona Sports is the exclusive home of the Phoenix Suns. Rex Chapman takes on a bigger role on the TV side.
Benson, James lay out plans on tariffs, taxes and MEDC overhaul in business forum
Democratic Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson and Republican U.S. Rep. John James appeared separately before the Detroit Economic Club to answer the same eight questions on economic and business policy.
UCLA making football and basketball games free for students
UCLA is making all football and basketball games free to attend for students.
Science Cafe heard that maybe A.I. Armageddon isn't in the cards, after all
Professors Nick Smith and James Dobson discussed AI risks and industry motives at a recent Concord Science Cafe event.
John Deere dealer Murphy Tractor names new president
Murphy Tractor and Equipment Co., one of the largest John Deere construction and forestry equipment dealerships in North America, has appointed Jeff Oldham as president, effective Sept. 10. Oldham succeeds Bill Buckles, who retired after 33 years with the company based in Park City, Kan. As president, Oldham will oversee operations across Murphy Tractor’s 29…
Phoenix Suns unveil local broadcast schedule for 2026-27 season
PHOENIX – The latest local broadcast announcement from the Phoenix Suns for their 2026-27 NBA season is easy to view as a scheduling update, but it is much more meaningful when viewed through the lens of accessibility and franchise identity. With 74 non-national exclusive games and all five preseason contests available on Arizona’s Family, along with streaming access through Suns+ on the Arizona’s Family Sports app, the Suns are making a clear statement, as watching this team should not feel lik
New PS5 Features Are Live, Including One That Tells You What Games Are The Most Popular
You can now see what's trending in your region
Flyers' local broadcast schedule features 71 games with preseason
The NBC Sports Philadelphia broadcast schedule features 67 of the Flyers’ 84 regular-season games.
Phillies Star Kyle Schwarber Sends Out Warning Ahead of Postseason
The Philadelphia Phillies dropped their opening game of a two-game series against the Washington Nationals on Tuesday. That made for four losses in their last five games, as the Phillies are starting to scuffle. As of now, the Phillies are 83-68. That would be comfortable in the AL, but in the NL it’s a much […] The post Phillies Star Kyle Schwarber Sends Out Warning Ahead of Postseason appeared first on HEAVY.
Xbox speaks out on rumors of Xbox Game Pass dropping 'day one' games in a purported 2027 restructure
Paul Tassi of Forbes has acquired an official statement from an Xbox spokesperson to address rumors of Xbox Game Pass being restructured next year
Introducing ‘865 Neyland’: Tennessee athletics names new entertainment district
A name has emerged for Neyland Stadium’s new entertainment district. The multi-million dollar mixed-use gathering hub at the University of Tennessee will be named “865 Neyland,” based on Knoxville’s area code — which also spells out V-O-L on the telephone keypad — and the stadium it lies beside. The development’s future address will also be...
MindsEye studio Build a Rocket Boy may be closing down, according to reports
An HR employee says he is looking for work but “will be seeing BARB through till the very end”…
Leeds United thrive after formation switch
As the nascent Premier League table takes shape, the sight of Leeds United in third place feels like a throwback to the turn of the century, when they secured five top-five finishes on the bounce. The 4-1 home win over Newcastle United means Daniel Farke's unbeaten side have made their best start to a top-flight season since 2001-02 under David O'Leary. In truth, with eight points from four games, Leeds have been playing well for some time - and it can all be traced back to a bold change of formation by Farke almost nine months ago.
"15 years ago, people understood it was an unfinished game": As Endless Legend 2 hits 1.0, Amplitude reflect on how early access has changed
Amplitude has been releasing games in early access for 15 years and in that time attitudes towards unfinished games have changed completely.
Former Tar Heels Star Caleb Wilson Lands Exciting NBA Update
Former North Carolina Tar Heels star Caleb Wilson is apparently working out with LeBron James before his rookie season.
Raymond James Adds Retirement Plan Option for Small Business Owners
The move by Raymond James follows a trend of wealth managers offering their advisors an in-house small-business retirement plan for clients.
Raymond James Adds IRA Option for Small Business Owners
The move by Raymond James follows a trend of wealth managers offering their advisors an in-house small-business retirement plan for clients.
Pacers Fans Hoping for James Johnson Reunion Get Exciting Update
For any Indiana Pacers fans who are hoping the team re-signs James Johnson, an exciting update has come out.
Garner crucial for Everton's European push
James Garner's consistent displays last season earned him a first England cap in a friendly against Uruguay in March. After the match, England manager Thomas Tuchel compared him with Uruguay and Real Madrid midfielder Federico Valverde. "He's our mini Valverde," said Tuchel.
Bronny James Among 3 Lakers Fighting for Final Roster Spot
The Los Angeles Lakers are gearing up for training camp soon, and multiple players will be competing for a roster spot. The post Bronny James Among 3 Lakers Fighting for Final Roster Spot appeared first on LA Sports Report.
McPake has 'more to give' after Scotland call
Josh McPake believes he has "more to give" after being called up to the Scotland squad. The Hearts winger, 25, is on the verge of his first senior international appearance after being called up for a quartet of Nations League matches by new head coach Sebastien Pocognoli. McPake set up fellow call-up James Wilson's equaliser in Tuesday's 2-1 defeat by Falkirk for his sixth assist of the season, while he has scored twice.
College of Ag Sciences Names Head of the Department of Plant Science
UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — Joe Louis has been named head of the Department of Plant Science in Penn State’s College of Agricultural Sciences, effective Oct. 7. Louis joins...
“Survivor” star Kellie Nalbandian and wife Gabby were cast on “99 to Beat ”during honeymoon
The dynamic duo also names the Survivors that should play next.
'I didn't realise probably how good he was'
James Garner joined Everton for an initial fee of only £9m from Manchester United in 2022, having spent the previous season on loan helping Nottingham Forest get promoted to the Premier League. The academy graduate did not make a Premier League start for United. After taking two seasons to settle at Everton under Frank Lampard and then Sean Dyche amid a backdrop of financial problems and points deductions, the 2025-26 campaign proved to be a watershed moment.
Josh Allen has never lost to the Detroit Lions
The Bills and Lions rarely meet, but their history includes big games, Thanksgiving drama, and plenty of Josh Allen.
JND Legal Administration Names Nathan Reff Director of Applied Science
JND Legal Administration has appointed Nathan Reff as director of applied science within its Innovation and Strategy division, adding a... Read More
Xbox's Fable reboot was allowed a 10-year development because the RPG series is "vital to the DNA of the platform", developer Playground Games says
Fable survived its long development cycle because people inside Xbox think highly of the franchise.
Blackwood Pumpkin Festival will bring 200+ vendors, food trucks and live entertainment to South Jersey
The free Oct. 4 festival will take over downtown Blackwood with pumpkin painting, scarecrow building, inflatables and games.
Winter Olympic venues confirmed with events in two countries
The sporting venues for the 2030 Winter Games are confirmed, with events to be held in Lyon and the French Alps - except speed skating, which will take place in the Netherlands.
Yes, Xbox Needs To Remove More Day One Games From Game Pass
A new rumor says Xbox is ending day one release on Game Pass, but even if that is very much not confirmed, it may be what the brand needs to do.
'The Hunger Games: Sunrise on the Reaping' trailer teases a treat for book fans
Haymitch Abernathy's story comes to life in the latest "Hunger Games" film.
How Timberwolves Could Overtake Thunder and Spurs in Grueling West
Minnesota won 49 games and still finished 15 back of the top seed, so the front office spent the summer taking two big swings at the talent gap.
Nellson Nutraceutical LLC names VP, quality and regulatory
Raj Krishnamachari rejoins the company and is succeeding Marty Hudak-Roos.
San Antonio Spurs Have LeBron James' Dream Trade Target
The Philadelphia 76ers overhauled their roster this summer, but still have one glaring weakness. For the right price, the San Antonio Spurs could help them overcome their flaw.
Notre Dame Defense Could Dominate Matchups Against Michigan State
Notre Dame's defense has been off to a hot start in 2026, answering a lot of questions we might have had about this unit in during the offseason. They held Wisconsin's offense to 13 points in the season opener and shut out Rice in the home opener last weekend. This Saturday night, they host the Michigan State Spartans in the battle for the Megaphone Trophy. Their offense, now under the direction of offensive coordinator Nick Sheridan, has scored 30 points or more in back to back games. If the Ir
Monumental Sports & Entertainment Names LG Electronics USA Official TV and Display Partner for Brand-New Capital One Arena
/PRNewswire/ -- Monumental Sports & Entertainment (MSE) today announced a new long-term partnership naming LG Electronics USA the Official TV, Commercial...
Monumental Sports & Entertainment Names LG Electronics USA Official TV and Display Partner for Brand-New Capital One Arena
/PRNewswire/ -- Monumental Sports & Entertainment (MSE) today announced a new long-term partnership naming LG Electronics USA the Official TV, Commercial...
Alpes 2030 completes sports venue masterplan as IOC Coordination Commission meeting ends
-The final pieces of the sports venue masterplan for the Alpes 2030 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games fell into place this week in Lyon, as the International Olympic Committee (IOC) Coordination Commission wrapped up its second annual meeting. The Commission today confirmed the allocation of the ice sports and disciplines to venues in Lyon, and of Alpine skiing events to Courchevel and Val d’Isère.
Here's the second wave of Xbox Game Pass games coming in September
There are some big new games coming to Xbox Game Pass in the second-half of September.
Microsoft doesn't dismiss rumours a major Xbox Game Pass shake-up is on the way, which reportedly removes day-one game offerings entirely
Xbox Game Pass may dramatically change in 2027, losing day-one games and cloud streaming, and seemingly getting an ad-supported tier, according a new leak.
Truth and Politics in the Age of Post-Truth
Get E-International Relations delivered to your inbox, free of charge. As you sign up, consider becoming a paid subscriber, or make a donation, to support our work. Subscribe This is an excerpt from Global Politics in a Post-Truth Era. You can download the book free of charge from E-International Relations. The term post-truth is by now so ubiquitous in describing the state of politics in the Western world and even beyond that the most pressing issue of the day appears to be about making democracy work in the era of post-truth rather than questioning the normalisation of the term itself in the first place. The critical turning point appeared to have occurred in 2016 when the term was chosen by the Oxford English Dictionary as ‘The Word of the Year.’ On its website, the Dictionary notes the transformation of post-truth from ‘being a peripheral term to being a mainstay in political commentary and connects ‘the spike in frequency’ directly with the Brexit referendum in the United Kingdom and the election of Donald J. Trump in the United States – both occurring in 2016. Paired with the noun ‘politics,’ post-truth is defined as an adjective ‘relating to or denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief.’ The Oxford English Dictionary traces the first use of the term to a 1992 essay in The Nation by the playwright Steve Tesich as he reflected on the 1980s Iran-Contra scandal and the 1990–91 Gulf War: We are rapidly becoming prototypes of a people that totalitarian monsters could only drool about in their dreams. All the dictators up to now have had to work hard at suppressing the truth. We, by our actions, are saying that this is no longer necessary, that we have acquired a spiritual mechanism that can denude truth of any significance. In a very fundamental way we, as a free people, have freely decided that we want to live in some post-truth world (Tesich 1992, 13; emphasis added). He then continued, The Gulf War is over but the war at home goes on. The gulf between rich and destitute widens – between those of us who live in a modern post-industrial nation and those of us who live in the Third World countries of our inner cities. The present administration’s response to this internal crisis has shifted from benign to malignant neglect. The current levels of misery and decomposition of our cities and the economic gulags of our ghettos are acceptable. Since there is only so much hope to go around, there is a freeze on hope. The have-nots have now been reclassified as never-will-haves (Tesich 1992, 13). In the context of Tesich’s essay, truth includes both facts, as in what happens, and ‘moral absolutes,’ as in the ‘self-evident truths mentioned in our Constitution’ (Tesich 1992, 14). Together, these two notions of truth entail the obligation to both act and react. The two passages cited above show that even in the early post-Cold War years, Tesich was already deeply concerned that the American people are neither prepared to act on truth nor react to truth that is disconcerting, or what he calls ‘bad news’ (Tesich 1992, 12). Accordingly, Tesich’s insight as captured by the term post-truth is not that truth is irrelevant to what we know, but rather it is irrelevant to how we act. In contrast, ‘post-truth politics,’ as defined by Oxford as a term that pitches ‘objective facts’ against ‘emotion and personal belief’ such that the latter appears to have overtaken the former in shaping ‘public opinion’ and thereby, democratic politics. When Tesich’s post-truth politics and its current usage are juxtaposed, the two are in fact not identical in terms of what truth is and how it relates to politics. Against such consideration, this chapter provides a critical survey of selected historical events and theoretical considerations for the purpose of gaining a more nuanced understanding of the relation between truth and politics. Truth and Language One notable impact of post-truth politics is that language is being overtly deployed as a political weapon not only by politicians and those in power, but among the general population. It seems that once facts are irrelevant to the validity of what is being said, language becomes the platform for an all-out political contest in which what is said is no more than an act of will expressed as an assertion of power and/or an exercise in defiance. As early as in the writings of Thucydides (460–400 BCE), the vulnerability of logos – which is the human capacity for rational discourse in tumultuous times – was already noted. Thucydides belonged to a school of Greek thought which maintained that language is conventional and that the association between name and things is a result of ‘human use and habit’ rather than ‘nature or divine dispensation’ (Connor 1984, 99). The conventional nature of language means that it is incapable of providing its users with any independent criteria for judgement. In Thucydides’ study of the Peloponnesian War (431–405 BCE), the subversion of logos as seen in the manipulation of language was introduced through his account of the civil war in Corcyra (Thucydides 1972, 236-245). The war first broke out in 427 BCE between the pro-Athenian democratic faction and the pro-Spartan oligarchic faction before it spread to the rest of the Greek world. There was a general breakdown of law and order, resulting in extreme violence and death. Language underwent changes that were reflective of the events of the time. The English philosopher Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679) translated Thucydides’ description of the situation as follows: The received value of names imposed for signification of things, was changed into arbitrary. For inconsiderate boldness, was counted true-hearted manliness: provident deliberation, a handsome fear: modesty, the cloak of cowardice: to be wise in everything, to be lazy in everything... he that had been so provident as not to need to do the one or the other, was said to be a dissolver of society, and one that stood in fear of his adversary. In brief, he that could outstrip another in the doing of an evil act, or that could persuade another thereto that never meant it, was commended (Hobbes 1839–1845, 8: 348; Thucydides 1972, 242-243). What concerned Thucydides most was that the meanings of words are no more than linguistic conventions that require logos to support them. The Corcyrean civil war was a reminder that such capacity cannot be assumed. This is why history understood as an authentic account of what happens matters. Guided by logos, the historian’s task is ‘the search after truth’, which is established through ‘the absence of the fabulous,’ including ‘the rejection of myth and unverifiable stories’ (de Jonge 2017, 2). Thus, history plays an important role in facilitating the stability of language – without which distinctions and judgements cannot be rendered communicable. Just like Thucydides, Hobbes was a nominalist who subscribed to the view that there is no inherent meaning to words. Hobbes’ state of nature, where there is no common authority, is precisely one in which distinctions cannot be made. As Hobbes put it, there is ‘no Mine and Thine distinct’ nor is there distinction between ‘the notions of Right and Wrong, Justice and Injustice’ (1968, 188; emphasis in original). This is clearly an unsustainable condition for everyone. Behind Hobbes’ famous words that life in the state of nature is ‘solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short’ is his uncompromising argument for the ‘Leviathan’, which is described by the late American political theorist, Sheldon Wolin (1922–2015), as the ‘sovereign definer’ (Hobbes 1968, 186; Wolin 2004, 238–243). Accordingly, the social contract is importantly a ‘linguistic contract’ that binds all parties to ‘general names agreed upon’ (Peters 1979, 125; Hobbes 1968, 111). Through Thucydides and Hobbes, we can identify a line of thinking that sees politics as a contestation over the use of language, which is based on shared conventions and norms. Thus understood, politics is not a collective quest for the true nature of our being or an epistemological exercise in pursuit of true knowledge. Rather, politics is about humans living with one another by finding a shared language to communicate with one another on matters that affect them all. Truth is in that sense contingent on what is being said as opposed to setting the standard for it. In other words, truth is the embodiment of shareability among us. While truth as such ensures the viability of a political entity, truth by no means represents a normative standard to adjudicate among contesting actors in what they say, let alone in what they do. During Thucydides’ times, ancient China was also experiencing a tumultuous time as the ruling Zhou dynasty deteriorated into the period of the Warring States (481–221 BCE). This was when the rulers of Zhou no longer presided over the territories brought under its control through conquest. Instead of professing allegiance to the Zhou royalty, the lords of these territories became kings themselves to rule over their own land. The period was one marked by endless military campaigns as each of the seven major states aimed to conquer the rest (Lewis 1999). Yet, the period was also known for its intellectual vibrancy as different thinkers challenged the restoring of order among these warring states – including offering ideas and advice to rulers on good governance. Among these thinkers was Confucius (551–479 BCE). His thought, which came to be known as Confucianism, went on to become the state ideology of China from the Han dynasty (206 BCE–222 CE) until the end of the Qing dynasty in 1911 when China became a republic. The founding text of Confucianism was the Analects, which is a collection of dialogues between Confucius and his students as recorded by them. One key concept Confucius advanced is the ‘rectification of names’. Though the term only appears in one exchange in the Analects, it is considered a major aspect of Confucius’ thought. Generations of Confucian scholars from past and present, including Western academics, have debated over its interpretation (Makeham 2003). The passage in question reads as follows: Zi Lu said: ‘The monarch of the state of Wei wants you to govern the country, what is the first thing you plan on doing?’ Confucius said: ‘First it is necessary to rectify the names.’Zi Lu said: ‘Is that really what has to be done? You are being too pedantic, aren’t you now? How will you rectify these names?’Confucius said: ‘Zhong You, you are too unrefined. A gentleman, faced with a matter that he does not understand, takes a skeptical attitude. If names are not correct, one cannot speak smoothly and reasonably, and if one cannot speak smoothly and reasonably, affairs cannot be managed successfully. If affairs cannot be managed successfully, rites and music will not be conducted. If rites and music are not conducted, punishments will not be suitable. And if punishments are not suitable, the common people will not know what to do. So, when the gentleman uses names, it is necessary to be able to speak so that people understand. If one can say it, one can definitely do it. A gentleman should not be careless with words’ (Analects 13:3 in Cao 2016, 148). This translation is offered by the contemporary philosopher Cao Feng. As Cao notes, the passage is what started the whole debate over ‘exactly what kind of names did Confucius... wish to rectify’ (Cao 2016, 148). Of the three major groups of interpretation examined by Cao, beginning with classical Confucian scholarship, one is arguably the most influential and certainly most pertinent to the issue of language and politics. This is the interpretation that was first associated with the Neo-Confucian master, Zhu Xi (1130–1200), who argued that the ‘rectification of names is simply the rectification of politics’ (Cao 2016, 149). Within this interpretive framework, rectification has the dual functions of correction and prescription by ensuring that predetermined hierarchical roles are strictly adhered to through following ‘the system of rites and propriety’ (Cao 2016, 151). In addition, the rectification of names entails ‘using names to rectify actuality’ (Cao 2016, 151). Yet Cao rejects this whole body of interpretive works by arguing that these were ideas developed later. Instead, Cao suggests the following: The original meaning of Confucius’ rectification of names may, then, be quite simple. Confucius did not mean to establish a concrete, normative system of “names”; rather, Confucius was simply the first person in history to realize or remark upon the importance of language in politics. As a politician, he noticed and foresaw the impact that the indeterminacy, ambiguity, and arbitrariness of names would have on politics. Confucius recognized the political consequences of language’s not accurately expressing meaning or not being accurately received by people. He realized the great role that names, as a means of distinguishing right and wrong and establishing norms, could play in society and politics (Cao 2016, 168). Scholarly debates aside, Cao’s view has the advantage of identifying an interpretation of this controversial exchange in the Analects that enables its readers to extrapolate from it the observation that the meaning of words depends as much on their users as on their interpreters; neither of which can be predetermined. Accordingly, a good ruler is someone who can speak without ambiguity to his subjects and make good his words through actions. Stated differently, Cao’s view on what concerned Confucius then, who was living through times of protracted political upheaval, is that language is an indispensable political tool for those in power and can be deployed by both good and bad rulers alike. To sum up, this historical survey shows that politics as a war of words is by no means a distinctive marker of contemporary politics nor the Western world. Be it ancient or current, east or west, language is subject to manipulation to serve political purposes and when there is an outright war of words that defies existing norms, it is indicative of a political situation in which people no longer share a language and truth becomes irrelevant. Accordingly, political order entails stability in language use. Truth and Politics As previously noted, current use of the term post-truth as an adjective to the term ‘politics’ suggests that once there was a time when politics aligned with truth. Indeed, if we start with Plato’s Republic as the key founding text of Western political thought, we see that the ideal polis (city-state of ancient Greece) is where truth and politics converge, and justice is achieved. Written around 380 BCE when Athens was still coping with its defeat by the Spartans in the Peloponnesian War, the Republic is a defence of the rule of the ‘philosopher king’, defined as someone who is ‘guided by the truth’ and is ‘always and in every way’ in pursuit of the truth (Plato 1974, 490a). For Plato, truth converges with virtues and hence, letting the philosopher take charge of politics is to let the wisest and the most virtuous lead the less wise and the less virtuous even if it requires compulsion (Plato 1974, 499b). In Plato’s words, ‘…until the philosophers attain power in a city there will be no respite from evil for either city or citizens…’ (Plato 1974, 501e). The uncompromising rule of philosopher-kings is made palatable by the claim that we are all ‘earth- born brothers’ with random mixtures of gold, silver, bronze and iron, but only the gold can rule (Plato 1974, 414–415). Understandably, academic debates over the interpretation of Plato’s Republic revolve around the question of whether truth as attained in philosophy can be realised in politics as action and whether such a connection is even desirable. Without getting into the details of these scholarly exchanges, I suggest that they all share the concern that truth acquired through the rigorous process of philosophical reasoning is not without problem when applied to the real world of living humans. This is because not all humans are philosophers – and indeed, in Plato’s view, not everyone is capable of becoming a philosopher given the protracted and arduous training that one needs to endure to become one. Hannah Arendt (1906–1975), a highly influential political philosopher of the twentieth century, notes that ‘Plato was the first to introduce the division between those who know and do not act and those who act and do not know’ and that such a separation has remained ‘at the root of all theories of domination’ (Arendt 1958, 223, 225). What Arendt points out in this remark is not the gap between theory and practice, but rather that Plato provides the normative ground for those who know the truth to tell those who do not know what to do. Arendt herself took on the challenge of understanding the relationship between truth and politics through her analysis of Nazism and Stalinism. Arendt’s insight, which was controversial when The Origins of Totalitarianism was published in 1951, was to identify Nazism and Stalinism as representative of a new form of political rule – totalitarianism – making it distinct from ‘other forms of political oppression... such as despotism, tyranny and dictatorship’ (Arendt 1973, 460). Arendt defines totalitarianism as a self- contained system of ideas driven by their ‘logic’ and marked by a mode of reasoning called ‘ideological thinking.’ Ideological thinking as such is a distinctive form of political reasoning defined by three characteristics. First, ideological thinking claims to provide a ‘total explanation’ of all historical happenings, encompassing the past, the present, and the future. Second, while ideological thinking is an attempt to account for ‘factual reality’ in its totality, this mode of thinking is paradoxically divorced from reality and experience. This is because experience, being rooted in specificity, is clearly limited in its claim to totality. It follows that as its third characteristic, ideological thinking aims to emancipate thought from the limitation imposed by experience through a ‘specific method of demonstration.’ The method involves arranging facts into an ‘absolutely logical procedure’ that starts from an ‘axiomatically accepted premise’. It is, in short, a ‘process of deduction from a premise’ – which is the only possible movement in the realm of logic that leads to one definitive conclusion. This is how the ‘logicality of ideological thinking’ provides the basis for total explanation and the ‘principle of action’ for totalitarian movement (Arendt 1973, 468–474). Stated differently, totalitarianism is a form of uncompromising idealism that exists in one’s head irrespective of shared reality as experienced. It is the perverse form of what Arendt later refers to as ‘rational truth’, which is the product of the ‘speculative mind’ that belongs to philosophy, mathematics and the sciences. The ‘speculative mind’ is the mind working on its way to generate axioms and theories by relying on the cognitive capacity of the human brain (Arendt 1977, 231). The presence of others has no bearing whatsoever on rational truth. In contrast, ‘factual truth’ is what happens when humans are ‘living and acting together’ (Arendt 1977, 231). Factual truth is therefore particular and temporal by definition. But more importantly, factual truth is ‘political by nature’ because it can only be validated in the context of the human community (Arendt 1977, 238). In other words, factual truth is about humans in their plurality rather than in their singularity. For factual truth to be sustainable, we need what Arendt calls ‘common sense’ – understood as ‘community sense’ (Arendt 1982, 72). There is also another distinction about truth that Arendt makes which is pertinent to understanding how totalitarianism works. The issue is whether the so-called totalitarian ideology is simply an unnecessarily cumbersome way of saying that it is an all-round and polished lie. Here, Arendt calls totalitarian ideology the ‘modern lie’ – in contrast to the ‘traditional lie’. The latter is restricted by two conditions: that it is a lie about the ‘particulars’ and that it deceives only the ‘enemy’ – which means that the liar is not engaged in self- deception. The modern lie, however, involves a ‘complete rearrangement of the whole factual texture’. It also intends to deceive everyone alike, to the extent that those who initiate the lie eventually ‘fall victims to their own falsehood’ (Arendt 1977, 249–254). This distinction between the traditional and modern lie is important. It indicates that not only is totalitarianism a lie, but the lie is in fact too big to fit into the standard meaning of the word. To tell a lie from truth, we need a common standard. In the case of a traditional lie, the common standard is precisely ‘the fabric of factuality’. As such, a lie always appears as a ‘tear’ to that fabric. Yet, modern lies require making a surrogate reality with a completely different context for facts to fit ‘without seam, crack, or fissure, exactly as the facts fitted into their original context’. Arendt notes that as long as those who concoct the surrogate reality are prepared to engage in self- deception to ‘create a semblance of truthfulness’, there is nothing to prevent ‘these new stories, images, and non-facts from becoming an adequate substitute for reality and factuality’ (Arendt 1977, 253–254). Totalitarianism therefore requires a person to stand outside of the system itself in order to make sense of it. Arendt points out that it is futile for us to argue with (for example) a Nazi or a Stalinist on race or class. To confront totalitarianism requires more than just a confrontation with specific facts. It is a more fundamental confrontation between reality as experienced and its total rejection. This means that Nazism and Stalinism are more than radical ways of conducting racial conflict or class struggle. Rather: Totalitarian politics – far from being simply antisemitic or racist or imperialist or communist – use and abuse their own ideological and political elements until the basis of factual reality, from which the ideologies originally derived their propaganda value– the value of struggle, for instance, or the interest conflicts between Jews and their neighbours – have all but disappeared (Arendt 1973, xv). Accordingly: The ideal subject of totalitarian rule is not the convinced Nazi or the convinced Communist, but people for whom the distinction between fact and fiction (that is, the reality of experience) and the distinction between true and false (that is, the standards of thought) no longer exist (Arendt 1973, 474). Who then is the ‘ideal subject’ of totalitarianism? Although there is a revival of interest in Arendt’s observation on truth and politics since the onset of post- truth politics, not enough has been said about her reply to the question (Hyvönen 2018; Klinkler 2018; Lee 2019; Zerilli 2020). Yet if we take a look at Arendt’s portrait of this ideal subject, her view is even more pertinent to our current challenge. As a self-contained system of ideas that is detached from experience, totalitarian thinking offers consistency in ways that reality cannot. Arendt notes that this kind of consistency is especially appealing to those who have lost a sense of bearing in the world (Arendt 1973, 353). They constitute what she calls the ‘masses’. The ‘mass man’ is thus a highly isolated and atomised individual, who is ‘obsessed by a desire to escape from reality’ (Arendt 1973, 318, 352). In his ‘essential homelessness’ the mass man can ‘no longer bear its accidental, incomprehensible aspects’ (Arendt 1973, 352). This longing for escape from reality is a ‘verdict against the world’ in which one is ‘forced to live’ but ‘cannot exist’ (Arendt 1973, 352). Such a situation is ripe for the ‘revolt of the masses’ against ‘common sense,’ which is ‘the result of their atomisation, of their loss of social status’ and with it, the ‘whole sector of communal relationships in whose framework common sense makes sense’ (Arendt 1973, 352). In short, the masses are people who are considered to be ‘superfluous or can be spared … [who] cannot be integrated into any organisation based on common interest’ (Arendt 1973, 311). Whether one agrees with Arendt’s analysis of the social conditions in the interwar years that led to the formation of the ‘masses’, her portrait of the ‘mass man’ is a powerful account of what can happen to an individual who has become disposable to the society that they used to belong to. Hand in hand with this phenomenon is indeed the collapse of ‘common sense’ that leaves the dislodged individual scrambling for reconnection. By offering the masses a substitute reality validated by the ‘logic of an idea’ rather than by experience, totalitarianism makes it possible for them to live in a world where there is no condition of plurality. Between ‘facing the anarchic growth and total arbitrariness of decay’ and ‘bowing down before the most rigid, fantastically fictitious consistency of an ideology’, the masses will likely ‘choose the latter’ (Arendt 1973, 352). A world created by ideology, then, is more attractive to the masses not because ‘they are stupid and wicked, but because in the general disaster this escape grants them a minimum of self- respect’ by conjuring up ‘a lying world of consistency which is more adequate to the needs of the human mind than reality itself’ (Arendt 1973, 353). Moreover, it is precisely this ability to guarantee consistency that makes it possible for the leaders of totalitarian movements to demand ‘total, unrestricted, unconditional and unalterable loyalty of the individual member’ (Arendt 1973, 323). While this chapter is not a study of the social factors that led to specific contemporary developments such as the result of the Brexit referendum or the election of Donald Trump in 2016, Arendt’s ‘mass man’ seem to have found their counterparts among the supporters of Brexit and Trumpism. Studies of voters’ profiles in both events point to a disproportionate share of supporters from white male lower income backgrounds without university educations. These are individuals who have either already lost their jobs to globalisation or who are at high risk of losing their job with very little capacity to be retrained for the twenty-first century market economy of advanced industrialised states (BBC 2016; Pew Research Center 2018). In short, these displaced workers are part of the tapestry forming the modern equivalent of Arendt’s ‘mass man’ – ready to be the recruits of totalitarianism. Conclusion If we step back to take a more comprehensive approach to the relationship between truth and politics, both historically and theoretically, it is not so obvious that 2016 is a defining moment. From ancient China and ancient Greece to our so-called post-truth age, the indeterminacy of language appears to be a persistent political challenge. Language is always open to manipulation by its users to serve power. Nonetheless, the tendency these days is to single out the ubiquity of social media and the proliferation of Internet platforms as the incubator for the countless cyberwars of words that in turn fuel the real world of politics. In this context, language is no longer the conveyor of objective facts and accurate information, but rather the medium for expressing subjective opinions and feelings, as captured by the Oxford Dictionary’s definition of the term ‘post-truth politics’. In contrast, the historical approach used in this chapter shows that it is in fact too easy to point the figure at the Internet and digital communication for the political challenge that we face today. What is being suggested here is that with or without the Internet, language, be it used to convey facts or emotions, is simply a tool for communication that humans have invented. While language per se cannot adjudicate what is true or not true, what is right or wrong, it embodies such capacity when language is a shared norm. That shared norm cannot be sustained without some semblance of cohesion in any given community. Any war of words, irrespective of its platform, is indicative of the breakdown of such cohesiveness. Returning to the original context in which the term post-truth politics was first used by Steve Tesich helps to identify the important distinction between truth as the standard for knowledge and truth as the standard for action. The two do not necessarily coincide. Placed in the context of the history of political thought, this distinction is in fact at the heart of Plato’s Republic. Yet when the philosopher as the quintessential bearer of truth becomes king, the polis that he rules over is far from the ideal of a just state that it purports to be. Instead, it is one that is held together by lies and coercion. What Arendt reveals through her study of Nazism and Stalinism is that it is dangerous for the kind of truth that philosophy generates – ‘rational truth’ – to become the guide to politics. Politics guided by rational truth can only be uncompromising and follows a logic of its own that cannot afford the ambiguity and indeterminacy of reality as lived experiences of humans. A world of post-truth politics can be an opportunity for a new kind of politics if it is indeed about dismantling the idea that truth is the ideal that politics should strive for. But as it stands, the post-truth politics of today is more about invoking a past that never exists to judge the presence as a crisis in naming when the real crisis is about rebuilding a shared space that has room for all – be they of the left, right or centre; cosmopolitan or parochial; civic-minded or self-centred; liberal-minded or bigoted. Politics is and always will be about striving for that space, without which no human can thrive. References Arendt, Hannah. 1958. The Human Condition. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. Arendt, Hannah. 1973. The Origins of Totalitarianism. Rev. ed. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. Arendt, Hannah. 1977. “Truth and Politics.” In Between Past and Future, 227–264. New York: Penguin Books. Arendt, Hannah. 1982. Lectures on Kant’s Political Philosophy, edited by Ronald Beiner. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. British Broadcasting Corporation. 2016. “Brexit vote: The breakdown.” BBC News, December 7, 2016. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-38227674 Cao, Feng. 2016. “A New Examination of Confucius’ Rectification of Names.” Journal of Chinese Humanities 2: 147–171. https://doi-org.subzero.lib. uoguelph.ca/ doi/ 10.1163/23521341-12340032. Connor, W. Robert. 1984. Thucydides. Princeton: Princeton University Press. de Jonge, Casper C. 2017. “Dionysius of Halicarnassus on Thucydides.” in The Oxford Handbook of Thucydides, edited by Sara Forsdyke, Edith Foster, and Ryan Balot. Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/ oxfordhb/9780199340385.013.17 https://www-oxfordhandbooks-com.subzero. lib.uoguelph.ca/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199340385.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199340385 Hyvönen, Ari-Elmeri. 2018. “Careless Speech: Conceptualizing Post-Truth Politics.” New Perspectives 26 (3): 31–55. https://www.proquest.com/ scholarly-journals/careless-speech-conceptualizing-post-truth/ docview/2204515132/se-2?accountid=11233. Hobbes, Thomas. 1839–1845. The English Works of Thomas Hobbes, edited by Sir William Molesworth. London: John Bohn. Vol. 8. Klinkner, Melanie. 2018. “Reasonable Truth.” International Journal of Media & Cultural Politics 14 (3): 393–99. doi:10.1386/macp.14.3.393_7. Lee, Haiyan. 2019. “When Nothing Is True, Everything Is Possible: On Truth and Power by Way of Socialist Realism.” PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 134 (5). Cambridge University Press: 1157–64. https://doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2019.134.5.1157 Lewis, Mark E. 1999. “Warring States Political History.” In The Cambridge History of Ancient China: From the Origins of Civilization to 221 BC, edited by Michael Loewe and Edward Shaughnessy, 587–650. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Makeham, John. 2003. “Zheng ming (Rectification of names).” In RoutledgeCurzon Encyclopedia of Confucianism, edited by Xinzhong Yao. Vol. 2: 813-814. New York: Routledge. Oxford Languages, n. d. “Word of the Year 2016.” Accessed 19 August 2017. https://languages.oup.com/word-of-the-year/2016/ Peters, Richard. 1979. Hobbes. Westport: Greenwood Press. Pew Research Center. 2018. “An examination of the 2016 electorate, based on validated voters.” Report, August 9, 2018. https://www.pewresearch.org/ politics/2018/08/09/an-examination-of-the-2016-electorate-based-on- validated-voters/ Plato. 1974. Republic. Translated by G. M. A. Grube. Indianapolis: Hackett. Tesich, Steve. 1992. “Watergate Syndrome: A Government of Lies.” The Nation: 12-14. January 6/13, 1992. Thucydides. 1972. The Peloponnesian War. Translated by Rex Warner. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books. Wolin, Sheldon. 2004. Politics and Vision: Continuity and Innovation in Westen Political Thought. Expanded Edition. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Zerilli, Linda M. G. 2020. ‘Fact-Checking and Truth-Telling in an Age of Alternative Facts.’ Le foucaldien 6, no. 1: 2, 1–22. Theresa Man Ling Lee is an Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Guelph (Canada). Lee is a political theorist who specializes in contemporary political thought. Her research and teaching areas include continental philosophy, Marxism and critical theory, feminism, postmodernism, philosophy of social science, psychoanalysis, multiculturalism, human rights, disability studies, modern Chinese political thought and comparative political theory. Lee has published on a wide range of subjects in these areas, including intercultural pedagogy and the challenges of teaching as a person with multiple minority designations in a Canadian university classroom.
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