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A look at where mosquito health alerts are in effect across Florida
Health alerts are in effect for several counties in Florida as officials monitor mosquito-borne illnesses after heavy rainfall.
Massive Study Links The Time You Eat Breakfast to How Long You'll Live
It's not just what you eat.
Unprecedented: Scientists Have Built Miniature Brains That Experience The Passage Of Time
A breakthrough for studying our own brains.
Scientists Discover a New Organ Hiding in The Skull
And it could help us fight brain cancer.
Google’s Pixel Watch 5 Pumps Up Its Fitness Smarts
With smarter gym tracking, new health alerts, and offline Gemini, the Pixel Watch 5 fine-tunes a winning formula—for a price.
2026 Pokémon World Champions Preview: Pokémon TCG Power Rankings
Spoiler alert: Dragapult ex stays on top. But other decks aren’t far behind if our panel has anything to say about it.
SGMC Health Alerts Patients to MyChart Phishing Scam
SGMC Health is reminding patients to stay alert after reports of fraudulent emails and text messages using the MyChart name to target healthcare consumers nationwide.
This Simple Trick Could Finally Help You Cut Down on Phone Time
It shouldn't work – but it does.
For The First Time, Researchers Have Generated Quantum Entanglement Directly From Sunlight
Some said it was impossible...
Course for pros: First Alert 4’s David Amelotti and Sports on 4 Jacob Cersosimo play at Bellerive
A course for the pros, First Alert 4’s David Amelotti and Sports on 4 Jacob Cersosimo played golf at the Bellerive ahead of the BMW Championship.
First Alert Forward: What a KC stadium proposal could mean for STL sports
Kansas City officials on Tuesday started talks on a proposal to use $1.4 billion in public funds for a downtown ballpark as the Royals wind down their tenure at Kauffman Stadium.
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Linked to Stomach Cancer For The First Time
Here’s what you need to know.
Health alert issued in Bernalillo County until 1 p.m. due to dust
Health alert issued in Bernalillo County until 1 p.m. due to dust
Our Survival Might One Day Rely on Nuking a 'City Killer' Asteroid. Scientists Just Tested Whether It'll Work
Things got weird.
Our Survival Might One Day Rely on Nuking a 'City Killer' Asteroid. Scientists Just Tested Whether It'll Work
Things got weird.
‘Unprecedented’ number of Apple users received recent spyware alert, say investigators
Cybersecurity experts who investigate spyware attacks say the number of people who received a recent threat notification from Apple is unusually high.
Yale Health Center building reopens after fire
NEW HAVEN, Conn. (WTNH) — A Yale Health Center building has reopened after a fire Monday morning, according to Yale University’s alert system. The fire happened at 55 Lock St., the buil…
Job With Highest Risk of Radiation Cancer Revealed Out of Over 500 Occupations
It's more dangerous than you think.
Three Public-Health Alerts, One Test for New York
Tularemia, cyclosporiasis and child vaccination present distinct challenges but require similar responses.
Android 17 QPR 2 Beta 3 takes cell network security to the next level
Android 17 QPR 2 Beta 3 upgrades mobile network security with a SIM security timeline, cipher details, and expanded cellular attack alerts.
After Half A Century, Physicists Find The Strongest Evidence Yet For An Exotic 'Glueball' Particle
An "unprecedented form of matter".
Scientists Wiggled a Fish's Earbones With Light
How do scientists even come up with this?
Forget The 7-Year Rule – Scientists Found a Better Way to Calculate a Dog's Age
We've been doing it wrong!
A Hidden Cause of Aging May Spread From Deep Inside Your Bones
Could bones become a target for reducing age-related inflammation?
Yellow heat health warning issued for South West
The alert from the UK Health Security Agency is active from 10:00 BST on Saturday until 09:00 on Tuesday.
This Week in Science: AI Agents Come to an Agreement, Gemstones on Mars, And More!
Our weekly science news roundup.
This Week in Science: AI Agents Come to an Agreement, Gemstones on Mars, And More!
Our weekly science news roundup.
Boiling Liquid Does Something in Near-Zero Gravity Even Scientists Didn't See Coming
Not what was expected.
DOH-Orange Issues Blue-Green Algae Health Alert for Lake Formosa (Pedestrian Bridge) - Florida Department of Health in Orange County
The alert is in response to water samples taken on August 11.
Scientists Melted a Diamond, And It Really Didn't Go The Way They Expected
Extremely weird.
Scientists Tested 113 Everyday Products Sold by Major US Retailers. 85% Contained 'Undisclosed Harmful Chemicals'
One in four 'natural' products contradicted their own claims.
Apple Warns Users in 110 Countries They May Be Targets of Mercenary Spyware
Apple alerts suspected mercenary spyware targets in 110 countries, expanding threat notifications that have reached users in over 150 countries.
Swarming Jellyfish Just Shut Down a Nuclear Reactor For The Second Time
On exactly the same date as last year.
Scientists Overfed a Tiny Worm… And It Started Growing a Chain of Clones
This gives new meaning to the term 'food baby'.
If Apple sends you a push notification alerting you to a spyware attack, take it seriously
Apple now sends out push notifications to iPhone lock screens when the company identifies government spyware targeting someone's devices.
More Young People Than Ever Before Are Getting One Type of Cancer, And It's Mystifying Scientists
Here's what we know.
After 50 Years, Physicists Find Strong Evidence For What Really Holds Matter Together
A discovery half a century in the making.
After 50 Years, Physicists Find Strong Evidence For What Really Holds Matter Together
A discovery half a century in the making.
'Very Unexpected': NASA Rover Zapped a Rock on Mars And Found a Gemstone Surprise
How did it get there?
Scientists Found a Surprisingly Simple Way to Cut Your Type 2 Diabetes Risk
It should be accessible to all.
Why is climate action “easier said than done”? The key lies in the strong coupling between climate and society
A new Perspective in Science Bulletin argues that the persistent gap between climate science and climate action stems from a conceptual blind spot: treating climate and social systems as separate domains rather than as one integrated, co-evolving entity. The authors introduce the Climate-Social Coupling System (CSS) paradigm and, by re-contextualizing the classic Environmental Kuznets Curve, sort national trajectories into “strong,” “weak,” and “de-coupling” states, showing that governance is the decisive, reversible steering mechanism that determines a country’s climate future.
Dolphins Filmed Hunting With Shells – And Possibly Passing The Skill to Their Offspring
"The second I saw that shell in the air, I immediately knew what was happening."
Rabies-positive bat found in Anne Arundel County; health officials issue alert
A bat found in Anne Arundel County tested positive for rabies, prompting a health alert for anyone who may have had contact with it.
Scientists Have Found a Way That Energy Could Outpace The Speed of Light
Inspired by whalesong.
Health alert issued for ozone in Albuquerque until 8 p.m.
Health alert issued for ozone in Albuquerque until 8 p.m.
Pinellas County increases mosquito control in Palm Harbor following Department of Health-Pinellas Dengue Fever alert
Pinellas County Mosquito Control is ramping up efforts to reduce mosquito populations and urging residents to take actions to protect themselves in...
Amber heat health alerts to kick in across England ahead of fifth summer heatwave
The alerts come a day after it was officially declared that there are now 11 regions in the country in drought
Psychopathic Tendencies Are Linked to Microbes Inside Your Body, Study Reveals
It’s not just you.
Health Alert: Vibrio vulnificus kills 7 people, Taylor Farms recalls jalapeño products
CBS Sports believes Youngstown State could upset Kentucky to open Will Stein Era
Is Will Stein on upset alert in his very first game as a head coach? CBS Sports believes Youngstown State could make things interesting.
Ant Colonies Pulse Like a Physical System, And Scientists Are Beginning to Understand What Triggers Them
It starts by activating a lazy co-worker.
Health alert issued for Lake Howell after toxic algae discovery
Urgent health alert for Lake Howell: Blue-green algae toxins detected. Avoid contact and protect pets.
Nearly 20 products issued health alert: ‘Should be thrown away’
These products contain the jalapeños at the center of the current salmonella outbreak.
Robbers target businesses on Chicago's Southwest Side
Chicago police issued a business alert this past weekend, warning store employees to be vigilant as detectives investigate a pair of robberies.
Macau Gaming Supplier Asia Pioneer Entertainment (8400.HK) Issues Profit Alert: H1 Net Profit Surges Nearly 90-Fold
Spike Driven by Core Electronic Gaming Equipment DemandHONG KONG and MACAU, Aug. 10, 2026 /PRNewswire/ -- Asia Pioneer Entertainment Holdings Limited ("APE" or the "Group"; Stock Code: 8400.HK), a Macau-based electronic gaming equipment (EGE) supplier listed on the GEM market of the Hong Kong Stock…
Common Sugar Appears to Loosen Cancer Cells And Help Them Spread
A new lever in the fight against cancer.
Long COVID Linked to Lasting Damage in The Brain's Dopamine System
The virus can cause serious damage.
Public health alert issued related to potential salmonella contamination recall
The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) has issued a public health alert, specifically targeting meat and poultry products that contain FDA-regulated jalapeños that could be
Public health alert for various meat and poultry products containing recalled jalapeños
Products distributed across a number of states, including one product in Florida, could be contaminated with salmonella.
Video Health alert for meat and poultry potentially linked to a salmonella outbreak
Federal officials have issued new public health warnings on meat products with recently recalled jalapenos, potentially linked to salmonella in more than two dozen states.
The World's Vegetables Are Vanishing, And It's Quietly Wrecking Our Diets
We have to act now.
The World's Vegetables Are Vanishing, And It's Quietly Wrecking Our Diets
We have to act now.
Public health alert issued for meat and poultry products containing recalled jalapeños
The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service is issuing a public health alert for meat and poultry products containing Food and Drug Administration-regulated jalapeños that may be contaminated with Salmonella.
Public health alert issued for meat and poultry products containing recalled jalapeños
The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service is issuing a public health alert for meat and poultry products containing Food and Drug Administration-regulated jalapeños that may be contaminated with Salmonella.
Public health alert issued for meat and poultry products containing recalled jalapeños
The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service is issuing a public health alert for meat and poultry products containing Food and Drug Administration-regulated jalapeños that may be contaminated with Salmonella.
Public health alert issued for meat and poultry products containing recalled jalapeños
The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service is issuing a public health alert for meat and poultry products containing Food and Drug Administration-regulated jalapeños that may be contaminated with Salmonella.
Public health alert issued for meat and poultry products containing recalled jalapeños
The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service is issuing a public health alert for meat and poultry products containing Food and Drug Administration-regulated jalapeños that may be contaminated with Salmonella.
Public health alert issued for meat and poultry products containing recalled jalapeños
The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service is issuing a public health alert for meat and poultry products containing Food and Drug Administration-regulated jalapeños that may be contaminated with Salmonella.
Public health alert issued for meat and poultry products containing recalled jalapeños
The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service is issuing a public health alert for meat and poultry products containing Food and Drug Administration-regulated jalapeños that may be contaminated with Salmonella.
What if The Brain Doesn't Create Consciousness? Scientist Proposes It Might Be The Fabric of Reality Itself
Our brains hurt....
This Week in Science: Mosquito Magnets, Bonus Benefits of GLP-1s, And More
Our weekly science news roundup.
Scientists Watched Carbon Dioxide Being Pulled Out of The Air to Form Graphite
This is some seriously high-tech upcycling.
Windows 11 admins unhappy as Microsoft found installing unexpected new "OneDrive Photos" app
Microsoft appears to have made another questionable move with a new OneDrive "Photos" app, and IT administrators are far from impressed. Here's why.
Industry and academic leaders explore how engineering innovation is powering the next era of space science at the 46th COSPAR Scientific Assembly
Leading voices from across the aerospace industry and academia gathered in Florence, Italy for the panel titled "Engineering Innovation Enabling Scientific Research," examining how advances in engineering are unlocking new scientific missions and how ambitious science goals are, in turn, driving engineering breakthroughs. The panel, moderated by Alison Nordt, Director of Space Sciences & Instrumentation at Lockheed Martin Space's Advanced Technology Center, brought together six panellists to discuss the evolving relationship between space science and systems engineering: Marius Anger (Aalto University), Jon Arenberg (Northrop Grumman), Mayra Montrose (L3Harris), Giampiero Di Paolo (Thales Alenia Space Italia), Steve Squyres (Blue Origin) and Eric Stallmer (Voyager).
Déjà Vu Has a Stranger, Lesser-Known Opposite – And Scientists May Have Just Found Where It Starts
It's uncanny.
Scientists Are Starting To Understand The 'Largest Biomechanical Event on Earth': Whales Hunting For Food on a Single Breath
If your heart slowed that much, you'd probably pass out.
Butterfly lilies wing their way to Science
Many animals and plants show left-right differences in how their bodies or organs are arranged, but we still know little about how such asymmetries evolve or how genes control them in natural populations. Mirror-image flowers, in which female and male sex organs are deflected to opposite sides in left- and right-handed forms, provide a notable example of such asymmetry. Here, we studied South African butterfly lilies, where individual plants produce only left- or right-handed flowers. Their mirror-image flowers promote outcrossing by depositing pollen from each floral form onto a specific region of a pollinator’s body that matches the stigma position of the opposite form. This suggests that selection for efficient pollen transfer between forms maintains this natural polymorphism. Our work uncovers a hemizygous supergene that coordinates the left-right orientation of female and male sex organs in mirror-image flowers by linking two independently acting genes for style and stamen handedness in a single, nonrecombining genomic segment. This architecture ensures the coinheritance of a matched pair of organ orientations that is essential for efficient cross-pollination between floral forms. At the developmental level, we show that floral handedness emerges from the interaction between an intrinsic tissue chirality and a gravitropic response that orients the style and median stamen relative to gravity. Together, these findings reveal how a supergene, hormone and microRNA signaling, tissue chirality, and an external physical cue combine to produce and maintain a stable left-right polymorphism in natural plant populations.
Digital Science brings real-world research impact data into AI workflows with new Altmetric MCP
Digital Science has announced the launch of its Altmetric MCP, a new Model Context Protocol server that connects AI agents to Altmetric’s research attention tracking data.
Strange DNA Structures Found in The Human Genome Go Beyond The Double Helix
“We now have a complete picture."
Strange DNA Structures Found in The Human Genome Go Beyond The Double Helix
“We now have a complete picture."
Andre Pallante’s Arm, JJ Wetherholt’s Bat Lead Cardinals Over Yankees
After a somewhat brief rain delay, the Cardinals were on the receiving end of another good start by Andre Pallante and he finally got some run support when the St. Louis bats woke up mid-game, but would it be enough to earn a victory? Spoiler Alert: YES. The New York Yankees starter Will Warren and […]
Radical Study Suggests Life on Earth Arose From Non-Living Matter TWICE
The tree of life may split at the roots.
Chartbook 464 The"China squeeze" - the politics of development counterfactuals.
There are three types of China shock discourse. Each has a distinct temporal register. China shock 1.0 was a phrase coined by US academics in the 2010s to retrospectively summarize the impact on particular US labour markets, which they identified through painstaking empirical investigation. China shock 2.0 on everyone’s lips in Europe in the mid 2020s is an alarm raised by trans-Atlantic policy thinkers warning of a coming disaster which they project onto Europe’s ailing car industry. The third type of China shock discourse - commonly known as the “China squeeze” launched most recently by Indian economists Shoumitro Chatterjee and Arvind Subramanian in the pages of Foreign Affairs - mobilizes a different, more speculative temporal register: the counterfactual realm of alternate history. The China squeeze argument asks not what has happened, or what is going to happen, but what might have been. Specifically, what options for economic development might have been open to Global South economies like India or the economies of sub-Saharan Africa, had it not been for China’s spectacular industrialization since the late 1990s and the persistent competitiveness of China’s manufacture in low-skilled segments. Chatterjee and Subramanian’s argument is that whilst China has built a powerful position in electrical machinery and other high-skill manufacturing, which is now delivering China Shock 2.0, it also continues to run a trade surplus in low-skill, labour-intensive manufacturing. This surplus is large and has remained largely unchanged in fifteen years. Indeed, in the 2010s, in trade with low-income countries, China’s surplus rapidly increased. On their reading, this squeezes low-income producers in low-skill sectors in which they “should” be able to compete. Source: “China’s Mercantilist Squeeze on Developing Countries” Shoumitro Chatterjee and Arvind Subramanian. Peterson Institute for International Economics 26-7 May 2026 Chatterjee and Subramanian’s wording is telling: (emphasis mine) The canonical trajectory of economic development in the post-World War II period is for countries to transition from agriculture to manufacturing, first in low-skilled manufacturing and then later on to high-skill manufacturing (Herrendorf, Rogerson, and Valentinyi 2013). At the global level, this implies that high-income countries (HICs) that once specialized in low-skilled activities cede manufacturing export space to poorer countries that come along to occupy that space. In 1965, advanced economies accounted for about 60 percent of global value-added exports in four key low-skilled manufacturing sectors, i.e., apparel, leather, textiles, and footwear. Over time this share declined and began to be occupied first by the East Asian tigers and, beginning in the late 1990s, by China. Today China accounts for about 50 percent of the global market. The question is whether China, with its rising prosperity, is continuing to behave like its richer counterparts and ceding export space to poorer followers or to behave unlike them and continuing to occupy space. In terms of the conceptual maneuvers it performs, of the three China shock discourses, the “China squeeze” argument is by far the most ambitious. After all, it bases its critique of China on a counterfactual imagining of the world. Like any counterfactual argument, to construct this alternative reality it must rely on a heuristic model. To make their argument Chatterjee and Subramanian mobilize two key claims. The first reference point is the actual history of rich-country industrialization, what they refer to as the “canonical path”. The idea is that countries transition from agriculture to light industry and low-skilled manufacturing and from there up the value chain. To make this useful as a standard of comparison and a means to construct a normative standard, they adjust sectoral export shares for two factors: 1. the underlying level of economic development of the exporting country, as measured by national income and 2. the degree to which the sector in question is internationalized. The idea being that for a high income country to have a high export share in low-skill sectors is anomalous and even more so if that particular product is highly internationalized and thus suitable for being “conceded” to lower-income competitors. Where should this process end? Here Chatterjee and Subramanian introduce their second benchmark. Their normative idea of a global development path is one in which, in due course, low-skill manufacturing exports are distributed in proportion to a country’s share in the global labour force. They imagine, in other words, a world of proportional, polycentric global development without much national specialization in low-skill manufacturing. A useful benchmark is that, in labor-intensive manufacturing sectors, a country’s share of world exports should be broadly commensurate with its share of the world’s low-skilled labor endowment. … In the Heckscher-Ohlin model, this would be true if value added per worker and export propensities, i.e., fraction of output that is exported, are the same across countries. It is this pleasant liberal vista of orderly global development, progressing towards a general distribution of low-skilled manufacturing against which they judge reality and conclude that the low-income countries are suffering a “China squeeze”. China is not exiting low-skill sectors fast enough Allowing for its gdp level and the degree of globalization, China’s share of low-skill manufacturing exports is far higher than it “should” be. Relative to population, its low-skill share of exports is far too high. That in turn yields the conclusion that huge numbers of jobs - the authors suggest tens of millions - are being hoarded by China. For the four sectors captured in figure 4, this excess in value-added exports is $110 billion in 2022. For all low-skilled sectors overall captured in appendix figure D.1, excess value-added exports amount to $365 billion. The crowding out of LMIC exports by China is therefore substantial. Both these claims have in common that they are strong structuralisms. The first is that development paths ought to resemble each other. The second is that broadly speaking as far as low-skilled manufacturing is concerned, all countries are alike. If the world currently diverges from the distribution of trade implied by these assumptions, if China is not following the advanced economy path and has huge exports, this must be the result of “policy”, which the authors then put in question as illegitimate or unfair. Thus the naturalistic construction of a canonical path leading to a “level” distribution of low-skilled manufacturing reveals itself to be a polemical tool. From the point of view of China shock polemics, this discourse is no doubt welcome. But as an account of economic history, it must surely be regarded as nothing short of bamboozling. Development paths do not follow a regular, natural sequence. As David Fishman put it aptly, “development is not a queue”. They are always and everywhere, through and through political. Development is not so much a process, as a project. Each such project is more or less well adjusted to its context. As Gerschenkron taught uneven and combined development implies differentiation rather than simple imitation on a single parth. It may be true that Europe and the US exited relatively early from low-skill work. But clearly technology has changed. As C&S themselves point out, China no longer enjoys a low wage environment. Do they really believe that such huge differences can be accounted for either by industrial policy, which as they admit does not operate powerfully in low-skill sectors, or by exchange rate manipulation? What is overwhelmingly dominant in explaining the persistence of “low-skill” manufacturing in China are surely the network effects of complex supply chains. Indeed the label of “low-skill” may miss the point. The degree of globalization which Chatterjee and Subramanian decide to conjure away in their model of the development path - to allow for the fact that Europe and American textiles exporters did not enjoy just-in-time logistics in the 1950s - obscures the point that the networks through which Chinese factories supply the world are themselves key parts of the low-skill industrialization project. China isn’t knocking out 1970s style “cheap”. It has redefined the entire product cycle. C&S’s casual reference to “T-shirts” is telling. In today’s “fast fashion”, there is weight on both terms. Fashion and fast. China’s success in delivering on both at unprecedentedly high speed and at unprecedentedly low cost, isn’t a low-skill operation at all. If we see development trajectories not as the serial repetition of the same, but as distinctive, crafted projects that cumulate in complex agglomerations of skill, technology and labor, then this explains why the assumption that low-skilled manufacturing should follow the distribution of population flies in the face of all experience. As countless cases attest, low-wage, low-income developed economies are not by themselves the makings of a competitive production base. As Leon Liao puts it quite fairly: “International trade has never been allocated according to population. A country’s population gives it no natural claim to an equivalent share of global exports." And the remarkable fact is that Subramanian alone and with co-authors has long been making this point, not to pillory China, as is the case of the tendentious _Foreign Affair_s and Peterson pieces, but to highlight the great counterpart to China’s industrial success, namely India’s relative failure. The much-quoted Foreign Affairs piece showed low-skill export shares only for China, not for India. If you put both countries in the picture as Chaterjee and Subramanian have done on other occasions, the picture looks like this. China is far above the line, but India, almost as large in terms of population, is no less anomalous, just in the opposite direction. As far as global populations are concerned, and the imagining of tens of millions of “squeezed” jobs, it is this Sino-Indian pair that account for a huge share of the action. What this graph reveals is not China’s cheating, but India’s “greatest development failure”, at least this is the argument made Arvind Subramanian, this time in co-authorship with Devesh Kapur, in their major book, A Sixth of Humanity. Independent India’s Development Odyssey which appeared with Oxford University Press earlier this year. In this highly critical work on India’s development, China is repeatedly evoked, not to criticize but as a benchmark against which to illuminate what India’s political economy has not delivered i.e. large-scale formal employment for hundreds of millions of citizens. Kapur and Subramanian leave no doubt, if you want to understand why China, not India was the main driver of manufacturing globalization from the 1980s, don’t look to slots opening up in the division of labour thanks to the liberal mindedness of advanced economies, look to the contrasting political economy of the Maoist PRC and India’s post-independence political economy. As Kapur and Subramian note: The great divergence between China and India did not begin in 1978 with the Deng reforms—it was well underway by then. In one of the great ironies of modern history, the conditions created by Maoism turned out to be a great launching pad for industrial globalization. As the comparison of India and China in 1980 makes clear, to imagine manufacturing would be equally distributed when populations are so differently endowed in terms of educational and nutritional is fanciful. Here is the data from Kapur and Subramanian, data which I explored back at the very beginning of Chartbook. As Kapur and Subramanian insist, the striking fact is that even as India’s growth accelerated from the 1980s, structural change has not. Formal employment in India lags woefully behind. Why? As Kapur and Subramanian note, the path-dependent impact of India’s poor early start was devastating. The list of factors they mention is long and weighty: We argue for a new five-fold explanation applicable at different stages of Indian history: in the initial stages, the legacy of two key pre-1980s policies, the neglect of agriculture and the strangling of the domestic private sector, were critical. The failure of broad-based agricultural growth militated against rural industrialization, which would have been devoted to satisfying local needs that would have necessarily been labour intensive. Then, when the boom came after 1980, the thicket of regulation and broader labour protections that were legislated prematurely in a nascent democracy, underpinned by a deep ideological aversion to private capital in general and big capital specifically, became a barrier to attaining the size that would be necessary to compete globally. Similarly, the reforms after 1991, while wide-ranging, did not quite encompass non-tradeable inputs critical to manufacturing, namely, land, logistics infrastructure and power. A combination of low investment (logistics infrastructure), regulation (land) and the continued monopoly supply by state governments (power), combined with residual socialism, kept costs at 75–100 per cent above efficient supply. These factors were compounded on the supply side by the government, which dominated the formal labour market and established exorbitantly high wages at the lower end of the skill spectrum. This made their employment in the labour-intensive sector by the private sector less attractive. Finally, when the services sector and its exports boomed, wages soared even further via a Dutch Disease effect: one successful tradeable sector killed and cannibalized another less-skilled tradable sector, namely, manufacturing. Thus, scarcity-inducing policies of the planning era, precocious democracy and a Gandhian aversion to size; inefficient, monopolistic supply of critical non-tradable inputs; the behemoth of government; and super-successful skill-intensive services successively undermined India’s unskilled labour employment opportunities. The employment failure seems to have been over-determined. … Less quantifiable but no less important are some of the sociological factors that have undermined manufacturing and factory jobs. Take the impact of the success of the IT sector—located in urban areas with better working conditions, such as air-conditioned offices, good schools for children and attractive entertainment options. It became a more attractive place for engineering and management graduates to flock to. … Consider manufacturing and female employment. Indian society makes it difficult for women to work, reflected in India’s unusually low female labour force participation (elaborated in Chapter XIII). Indian society, in particular the routine harassment of women in public spaces, makes it even more difficult for them to travel long distances to take up work.37 Combined with onerous regulations on creating hostels and dormitories for women—which, in turn, prevents multiple shifts of operation—factories need to be located in areas with a large female labour pool. While firms can take apparel plants to female labour or bring them to the plants by building large-scale dormitories, this raises costs. If there was a case for subsidies to encourage labour-intensive manufacturing, housing subsidies to build dormitories for women workers would be a good place to start. All of this meant, that when opportunities did open up, in part thanks to adjustments in China, India was in no position to take advantage. Here is the account of the 2020s from Kapur and Subramanian. It stands in dizzying contrast to the one-sided, “China squeeze” argument delivered in the Peterson and Foreign Affairs pieces: In 2022, for example, India’s share of global exports in clothing (the canonical labour-intensive sector) was 3.1 per cent compared to 32 per cent for China. This is extremely disappointing because China started vacating export space in this sector after the Global Financial Crisis as its wages started rising; it then vacated further space in the aftermath of geopolitical developments that led investors to seek alternative investment locations. Between its peak and today, China lost about 7.5 percentage points of global export share (worth about $43 billion in 2022); over this period, India’s export share remained stagnant at 3 per cent, while that of Vietnam and Bangladesh rose by 3.5 to 4 percentage points. China’s loss did not translate into any gain for India in terms of low-skill exports and employment. Put differently, when the conditions for dynamism and prosperity were established after 1991, and even more tantalizingly when the global export opportunities opened up, it was as if India was a high-wage economy and only skilled labour could benefit from the dynamism. It had converted its physically abundant unskilled workforce into an economically expensive resource, penalizing its use. It is not my mission here to argue for or against Kapur and Subramanian’s interpretation of India’s development trajectory. The point in this context is simply that the “China squeeze” such as it is can only be understood, in relation to the heavy burden of domestic constraints that Kapur and Subramanian so unsparingly enumerate. I am concentrating here on India because it is the great counterpart to China and the unspoken reference point of the “China squeeze” discourse. But the point is more general. Can anyone with a straight face suggest that the main problems afflicting the development of South Africa or Nigeria, the great centers of mass underemployment in sub-saharan Africa, are cheap competition from China driven by Beijing’s industrial policy and an undervalued RMB? Likewise, is the main problem of the American working-class the threat of Chinese competition or the manifest crisis of social reproduction in the United States itself? The point here, as in the discourse around China shock 2.0 in Europe, is to insist that we should not normalize the world and pathologize China, without actually investigating what is going on in America’s industrial wastelands, the German car industry, or India’s lopsided labour market. One-sided pathologization should be understood for what it is, a polemical gesture. Concepts like China shock and China squeeze are, what Reinhart Koselleck, following Carl Schmitt, would have described as “asymmetrische Kampfbegriffe”, or “asymmetrical counter-concepts” or “asymmetrical combat concepts”. If the function of arguments like the “China squeeze” is to alert elites in the rest of the world of the need to rejuvenate and energize their development projects, so be it. But let us see the resulting discourses as the mobilizing interventions that they are. Interestingly, a significant slice of China’s public sphere - the so-called industrial party - have been obsessed for the last twenty years with precisely these questions of counterfactual economic history. Since the mid 2000s, a massive online discourse developed around an alternative history in which Chinese techno-patriots were asked to imagine how they would proceed if they had the possibility of traveling back in time to transport modern technology into the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) thus averting the “great divergence” of the 18th and 19th centuries. It is a fantasy of course, but also a goad. The point was not directed at Westerners. The alternate history is dramatically nationalist, but few n the West had even heard of it until recently. The adherents of the industrial party are not liberal moralists. They don’t project natural ladders of international development and ask why others don’t cede space. They take the Realpolitik of global economic development for granted. Their pointe was directed against fellow Chinese. The rallying cry of the alternative narrative was this: Now that we are beginning to gain steam and push forward on our national development path, now that we are breaking out of the inferior position assigned to us even in the early years following WTO accession, do not lose yourself in humanistic imaginings about better futures. In the spirit of Deng, they called on China to embrace the hard truth of development. Perhaps one might of the Industrial Party as a cultural trend born out of desire for symbolic revenge against those who had inflicted the century of humiliation. In terms of the various temporalities of the “China shock” - retrospective, prospective and counterfactual - one might think of the Industrial Policy discourse as truly speculative, conjuring up the China shock that never was. Or perhaps one might better think of it as imagining a world in which a powerful China was no shock at all, but simply a defining fact of modern history. I love putting out Chartbook. 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