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The Man Who Brought Down Nixon Spills His Secrets
The most famous investigative reporter of our time reveals how he got his stories—and what really drove him to be a snoop.
AI data centers need raw materials. Investors are betting on recyclers.
As hyperscalers race to build AI data centers, companies that recycle critical components have become an investment opportunity.
Should personal finance be part of the liberal arts?
We take you inside an AP personal finance class in Alabama where students are learning about Roth IRAs and compound interest. As states add personal finance classes, should business be more woven into the liberal arts? Fact checking by Sierra Juarez.Your Next Listen –New college degrees designed to job-proof graduates –Over 2,000 episodes in our archive on the NPR AppConnect with The Indicator from Planet Money–The Indicator newsletter — a weekly roundup of news, ideas and staff picks. –Instagram, TikTok and YouTube –Find the Planet Money book –Find the Planet Money game, Sell Me A Sasquatch, and other merch at the NPR Shop!Support public media by subscribing to NPR+ and enjoy perks for over 25 podcasts like this one. This show’s perks include sponsor-free listening. Learn more at plus.npr.org.
NASA’s Perseverance confirms a key ingredient for life hidden in ancient Mars rocks
NASA's Perseverance rover has confirmed complex organic carbon just beneath the surface of ancient Martian rocks, raising intriguing questions about the Red Planet's potential to have supported life. The remarkable preservation of these compounds, along with similar discoveries thousands of miles away, suggests the building blocks of life may once have been widespread across Mars.
Chris Brown, Usher cancel two concerts amid reported beef
Chris Brown and Usher cancel a pair of shows in their joint R&B: Raymond & Brown tour, including one of two shows at Inglewood's SoFi Stadium next week.
For peptide enthusiasts, a new HHS policy means party time
As HHS loosens peptide restrictions, advocates and entrepreneurs embrace unproven compounds despite researchers' warnings
'Cost of doing business': Preferred Computer Solutions owner fights rising component costs as AI demand surges - Monadnock Ledger-Transcript
Preferred Computer Solutions owner Matt Burke moved his operation to a home workshop in Jaffrey to offset soaring technology component prices driven by AI demand.
Concert set for Vanderpoel Gallery
The Vanderpoel Art Association will celebrate the 169th birthday of John H. Vanderpoel with a concert featuring the Marquette Park Composer’s Workshop on Sunday, Nov. 15, from 1 to 3
Vikes Views: Nincompoop of the Week: Bills at Vikings
The Minnesota Vikings defense came to play last night, unfortunately, the offense did not. In a display of offensive ineptitude, the Vikings were defeated 23-6 by the Buffalo Bills. There’s plenty of blame to go around, so let’s take a look at this week’s nominees. Carson Wentz Wentz would’ve been more accurate if he was […]
Drink 3 Cups of Coffee a Day? A Study Links the Habit to Lower Risks of 3 Serious Health Problems
A large study found similar associations for caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee. Scientists are still investigating which compounds may contribute to the benefits.
RFK Jr. loosens access to unapproved peptides: A health law scholar explains what consumers need to know
Compounding pharmacies will now be able to sell 6 popular peptides, despite the fact they have not been proved safe and effective.
Might the Era of Liberal Trump Finally Be Upon Us? Let Me Present My Case.
I predict a return to his former, pre-political self.
Google Issues Chrome Security Update for Eighth Actively Exploited Zero-Day of 2026
Google patches nine Chrome flaws, including actively exploited CVE-2026-125350, a high-severity use-after-free vulnerability in the XML component.
Earth’s ‘core carbon’ may have come from the far reaches of the solar system
A research team that includes Yale cosmochemist Damanveer Grewal makes the first observational estimate of the isotopic composition of carbon in Earth’s core.
Arrow Electronics Launches Capstone IP&E Business Unit as Part of Global Restructuring
Arrow Electronics (NYSE:ARW) has launched Capstone, a global business unit focused on interconnect, passive and electromechanical (IP&E) products, solutions and services, as part of a restructuring of its global components operations. The Centennial, Colorado-based company is transitioning from a geography-based operating structure to a technology-focused model.
Akai MPC is now open-source: standalone and MPC Sample
The Akai MPC framework components are now open-source, including the MPC Standalone (G1 & G2), Force, and MPC Sample
Notable healthcare headlines for the week: Moderna, Pfizer, and CVS Health in focus
Wall Street's major averages ended mixed on Friday, with the Nasdaq leading a recovery from its worst day in more than a year.The benchmark S&P 500 gained 0.3%, while the tech-heavy Nasdaq Composite finished advanced 1.1%, while the blue-chip Dow ended down 0.5%.The S&P 500 Health Care Sector Index…
AI nerves reinforce age-old investing lesson: Get diversified
A $2.5 trillion wipeout for the Nasdaq Composite this week is reminding even the smallest investors just how reliant we’ve all become on the success of the artificial intelligence buildout.
Nasdaq rebounds but posts fourth straight weekly decline
The Nasdaq Composite rebounded but recorded its fourth consecutive weekly decline as investors weigh the future of the AI trade amid market volatility.
Ohio Gov.-elect Amy Acton urged to address LGBTQ+ health
Ohio has elected a new governor. Now Equitas Health is calling on Amy Acton to prioritize HIV prevention, address LGBTQ+ health disparities, and ensure the people most affected have a voice in her administration.
FSU chemists develop light-powered method to resurrect 'dead-end' compounds for drug discovery
Throughout the drug development process, which can take a decade or more, tens of thousands of chemical compounds are produced that never go on to become
[Whispers] The Democratic Party Is Good at Politics
The most mocked political party in America is actually pretty good at politics.
Nutritional supplement may improve blood vessel health markers, trial suggests
A new study suggests that a multi-component supplement, containing ingredients that target processes related to aging, may improve markers of vascular health.
America’s Election Has Prompted Some Surprising Moves in Israel That Might Oust Netanyahu
This kind of coalition has happened only once before.
2,800-year-old tomb in Siberia has evidence of the earliest use of cannabis — possibly as a way to calm human sacrifice victims
Seeds found in an ancient grave and chemical compounds discovered in mummy hair have revealed people got high on marijuana 2,800 years ago.
Alchemy Theatre presents 'Guys and Dolls' for three weekends
HUNTINGTON — With an array of great songs written by composer Frank Loesser and a book written by Jo Swerling and Abe Burrows, the rollicking musical “Guys and Dolls” debuted
Apple is reportedly doubling orders for a new MacBook Neo
The MacBook Neo was a massive success. If component suppliers can be believed, Apple expects the second-gen model to do twice as well.
Multi-component nutritional supplement improves markers of vascular health
A multi-component nutritional supplement has been found to improve markers of vascular health, in a randomized controlled trial led by the University of Surrey.
One of Nintendo's Switch and Switch 2 cartridge manufacturers is exiting the business, which could make physical games more expensive
Macronix, one of the companies that create components in Switch and Switch 2 cartridges, is calling it quits.
A surprising discovery could help aging muscles repair themselves
Scientists have discovered a compound that transforms a natural muscle-repair protein into a more powerful version dubbed "Super HGF," more than doubling its ability to bind to a key receptor while protecting it from age-related chemical damage. The breakthrough, supported by early mouse experiments, could eventually help combat muscle loss and preserve strength as people age.
Vivek Ramaswamy’s Political Career Has Been an Absolute Embarrassment. Good Riddance.
Amy Acton won, after her opponent ran an ad that was widely considered one of the grimmest in recent memory.
Gina Hinojosa holds early lead over incumbent Greg Abbott in Texas’ race for governor
Democratic state Rep. Gina Hinojosa has taken an early lead over Republican Gov. Greg Abbott as votes are counted in Texas. Abbott is seeking his fourth term in office.
Compounds that give citrus fruits their scent may affect gut health
A review published in Food & Function found that dietary terpenoids, naturally occurring compounds in fruits, herbs, and vegetables, can suppress inflammatory signalling and improve intestinal barrier function in laboratory and animal studies. However, human evidence remains limited to two small studies of geraniol-based interventions for irritable bowel syndrome, with further research needed to establish clinical efficacy, appropriate dosing, and long-term safety.
In Michigan, Haley Stevens Did a Lot More Damage Than She Expected—to Herself
"I was like, ‘I can't even believe that I'm reading that.’ I was absolutely beyond stunned."
SCOTUS Justices Said They Knew How Much Money They Were Letting Into Politics. They Were Wrong.
As acting chair of the FEC, let me tell you how I know.
Martin Sheen vouches for hope in dark times with 'American Mosaic'
Composer Peter Boyer's new work, "American Mosaic," accompanies footage of America's landscapes and faces taken by Joe Sohm, with patriotic narration by Martin Sheen.
Every Election Is About Money. But This Time It’s Different.
Yes, voters are casting ballots over affordability. But something more fundamental has shifted here.
The Election-Denier Backpedal
The president is not getting the political cover he once enjoyed from Republicans.
67% of security leaders say their teams struggle to meet business needs
Growing AI demands and compounding skills gaps are taxing the resources and effectiveness of cybersecurity teams.
Food Synergy Explained: How Nutrients Work Together to Influence Health
Food components interact within meals and dietary patterns to influence nutrient absorption and health. Research supports specific pairings, such as vitamin C with plant-based iron, while evidence for additional benefits from combined dietary and lifestyle changes remains uncertain.
Fossilised red blood cells found in 115m-year-old dinosaur’s bone, say scientists
Chemical tests on Aratasaurus bone identify presence of heme, the organic compound that allows haemoglobin in blood to carry oxygen around body
We still have a farm crisis
My headline is my thesis. Inaction by Congress this summer and fall, combined with deteriorating economic conditions due to many factors, has compounded a dire situation for Arkansas farmers. We’ve...
We still have a farm crisis
My headline is my thesis. Inaction by Congress this summer and fall, combined with deteriorating economic conditions due to many factors, has compounded a dire situation for Arkansas farmers. We’ve...
Research Shows How Creatine May Support Gut Health In Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Is there anything this compound can't do?
Kinjirushi introduces hexaraphane and brain health research to North America
Japanese wasabi specialist brings decades of expertise as research explores wasabi-derived compounds, cognitive function and healthy ageing
This tech-forward health name is compounding even as its market shrinks
Veteran investor Drew Cupps's highest-conviction idea for the next 12 months.
After a Tragedy, I Spent a Month Away From Our Online Dystopia. It Changed Me.
Here's what happened when I found a brief reprieve from the horrors of our modern life.
Florida regenerative farm focuses on soil health during harvest season
A Florida regenerative farm is showing how crops, composting and local markets can rebuild soil and connect customers with their food.
$10,000 in Vanguard's Health Care ETF in 2004 Grew to $93,915, and It Still Charges 0.09%
A single health care ETF launched two decades ago at rock-bottom cost has quietly compounded into a sum that surprises most investors, but whether its three closest rivals can match it depends entirely on what kind of risk you are willing to carry.
Help! I Made a Simple Request of a Mom on a Plane. But Her Answer Has Me Questioning My Own Character.
Is it wrong to ask a 3-year-old to turn the iPad volume down?
You got to kinda keep your composure. And I remember …
You got to kinda keep your composure. And I remember …
Six games in, six ways these Sixers already feel different
Beyond the obvious star power, the 76ers have shown early signs of the depth, composure and defensive identity needed to pursue a title.
This Week’s Election Revealed a Troubling Truth About Israeli Politics
The question now is this: Does it matter which side ultimately wins?
Climate Change Can Cause Small Business Displacement Beyond Major Disasters
Sponsored: The myriad effects of climate change compound challenges many Black, Brown, and immigrant-owned businesses already face.
A golden age of science is coming
It’s almost hard to remember, but just a few years ago, a lot of very smart people thought that science was in terminal decline. Respected researchers were writing papers with titles like “Are Ideas Getting Harder to Find?”, “Papers and patents are becoming less disruptive over time”, and “Slowed canonical progress in large fields of science”. In 1996, science writer John Horgan even published a book called The End Of Science: Facing The Limits Of Knowledge In The Twilight Of The Scientific Age. The fundamental idea was that the Universe only has so many insights to discover, and that we’ve picked the low-hanging fruit. It was the idea that Joseph-Louis Lagrange expressed when he said that “we cannot find more than once a system of the world to establish.” As the big ideas and the simple ideas get mined out, we’re forced to throw ever more brains at the mysteries of nature just to keep scientific progress going at a fraction of its old pace: It looked like science was hitting a wall. Then along came AI. It’s far too early to tell how much AI will eventually speed up the growth of total factor productivity. But already we can see signs of a speedup in science. Anthropic Founder Jack Clark assembled some of the hopeful data points in a recent lecture: [ Dror Poleg@drorpoleg "If you pick different parts of science, you see the same pattern show up: Progress is accelerating, and it has started to accelerate in the last two years." Jack Clark @jackclarkSF I’m speaking at the IMF in an hour about the singularity and why I believe it has begun and the choices we'll need to make. Watch live here: https://t.co/Hj9HzcXx5h 6:08 PM · Oct 18, 2026 · 21.2K Views 2 Replies · 10 Reposts · 123 Likes ](https://x.com/drorpoleg/status/2111882070376980529) Anthropic is accelerating its investment into drug discovery, and is already announcing some impressive preliminary results: [ BioTender@Junioryu136689 BREAKING: Anthropic unveils early results from six Claude-powered drug development collaborations. • 70% shorter CAR-T signaling domain • ~35,000 antibody designs • >10× tighter antibody binding • 89% less batch-record review time Still largely preclinical. Anthropic @AnthropicAI Over the past few months, Anthropic scientists have engaged in deep research partnerships with six organizations developing new medicines. We've also begun drug discovery efforts of our own. In doing so, we’ve learned much more about how Claude can support the many stages of 9:43 PM · Oct 27, 2026 · 11.2K Views 3 Replies · 24 Reposts · 205 Likes ](https://x.com/Junioryu136689/status/2115197821150495150) Claude also appears to be enabling rapid progress toward a treatment for food allergies. OpenAI, meanwhile, announced a possible breakthrough treatment for neurodegenerative disease. Meanwhile, Google Cloud Chief Scientist Pushmeet Kohli has a list of recent scientific advances that have been enabled by its new Gemini model, including breakthroughs in nuclear fusion reactor design, rare disease research, and quantum computing: [ Pushmeet Kohli@pushmeet Gemini 4 Argon is a step change in model performance. In recent weeks, it has had a transformative impact on the Science projects in our team at @GoogleDeepMind and our external collaborators, and helped make a number of remarkable advances across scientific disciplines. 🧵👇 4:47 PM · Oct 13, 2026 · 36.5K Views 8 Replies · 41 Reposts · 497 Likes ](https://x.com/pushmeet/status/2110049807385702623) But as cool as these stories sound, they’re just very minor, preliminary efforts. There are a number of reasons to think that AI is going to propel us into a golden age of scientific discovery. That age might not last forever — AI might still run into diminishing returns eventually. But the next few decades are probably going to be an absolutely amazing time for human science. The number of “effective researchers” is no longer limited The most important input into science is scientists themselves. Until this year, that meant human brains — talented, highly trained human brains. The number of trained human brains could be increased by sending more people to grad school, but only to a point — the smartest people tend to be sent into the hardest research fields first, and if you 10x the number of researchers, the average quality will go down. This constraint was already starting to bite, as Ekerdt and Wu argued in 2024: We argue that a substantial portion of the downward historical trend in U.S. research productivity is a composition effect resulting from self-selection in researcher ability and the dramatic expansion of the research sector…[W]e find that this composition effect has lowered average researcher ability by between 37% and 53%[.] And of course, low fertility was making the problem worse, because fewer children meant fewer people who were able to become future scientists. AI just blows up this constraint completely. If an AI agent can function as an autonomous researcher, there’s no constraint on the number of researchers in the world — you can just build more of them, by building more computer chips and data centers that enable the running of more AI agents. Whether or not massive hordes of agents can collaborate to solve individual problems much faster, increasing the number of agents allows them to tackle many different research questions in parallel. What’s more, these AI “researchers” can be trained incredibly quickly compared to human beings. A human scientist takes decades to train, and more years to reach the frontier of their research field by diligent reading and conversation. This is the “burden of knowledge”, and it’s commonly believed to be one reason ideas have been getting harder to find — by the time human scientists can get up to speed, they’re often so old that their ideas are no longer novel. AI just annihilates this constraint — it can assimilate the entire literature and reach the frontier of research extremely quickly, and it can also tell human scientists where the frontier lies without forcing them to discover that for themselves. It can also pivot to new research directions more easily than humans can. And there’s also a self-reinforcing economic cycle here. Because scientific advances enable higher GDP, they enable more resources to be invested into the creation of yet more electronic “scientists”. Now that doesn’t mean the amount of scientific research goes to infinity — there may still be some essential bottleneck task that human researchers are still needed to perform. There are some indications that AI’s progress on open-ended conceptual research tasks is slower than in other dimensions, and it may be that humans are still needed to provide some of this long-term conceptual thinking. I’d bet against this being true for much longer, but it might be true for a long time. Even in this most “pessimistic” case, though, the amount of effective capital that scientists can use to leverage their work just went up by a lot. AI eliminates the theory bottleneck Science proceeds by an iterative process of theory and experiment. The theory part of that cycle is typically short, but non-trivial — it took a couple of years after the blackbody radiation spectrum was observed for Max Planck to come up with the quantum hypothesis to explain it, and decades longer before quantum theory as we now know it was created. It took about a year for Watson and Crick to figure out the shape of DNA after the requisite data was gathered. AI will basically eliminate the theory bottleneck entirely — or at least shorten the turnaround time between experiment and theory by an order of magnitude. AI is an absolute beast at math. Recently, an OpenAI model solved some of the most important open problems in computer science, math, and theoretical physics, and no one even batted an eyebrow because that sort of triumph is becoming increasingly commonplace. One of those solutions was a proof that the Standard Model of Particle Physics could be mathematically well-defined — a problem that human theorists had so far been unable to tackle. Not all research relies equally on theory, but understanding novel experimental results almost always involves some important component of either mathematical or spatial reasoning. That part of the task has now been made much, much faster. And on top of that, science is now open to a greater number of humans who aren’t naturally good at theorizing. AI can read the whole literature Much of the work of human scientists involves reading and understanding endless amounts of papers and going to endless conferences and seminars. The purpose of that work is to understand the existing scientific literature. Understanding the literature allows scientists to do the following things: Come up with new ideas for hypotheses to test Avoid doing research that someone else has already done Synthesize approaches from different areas or fields AI can reduce this effort to almost zero. Consider this excerpt from OpenAI’s blog post about their new research into neurodegenerative disease: The team divided the analysis among thousands of AI agents powered by GPT‑Rosalind, an approach we call distributed biological reasoning. The agents examined a whole-brain CRISPR atlas…a dataset showing how gene disruptions affect different types of cells across the mouse brain. Each agent investigated a gene disruption, analyzed cellular responses, searched scientific literature, and proposed explanations for the results. Their reports were combined into a reasoning atlas linking genes, cellular effects, relevant publications, and possible biological mechanisms. The research team estimated that comparable human analysis and literature review, conducted one perturbation at a time, would take months to a year. The agents reproduced findings from human analyses while uncovering additional leads. Their assessments of novelty and scientific value also aligned with judgments from blinded human experts. These findings help prioritize further experiments needed to test the proposed biological mechanisms. Some of these insights point to new leads for understanding brain disease. [emphasis mine] This is one case in which parallel work by a large number of agents really does make a huge difference: [ Haider.@haider1 this is actually insane openai deployed thousands of GPT-Rosalind agents to analyze millions of mouse brain cells in 32 minutes, work that could take human researchers months to a year also the agents uncovered new leads for brain diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's OpenAI @OpenAI GPT-Rosalind surfaced a new lead for drug discovery: could restoring cholesterol transport protect neurons from degeneration? DCTN1 is a gene linked to Perry syndrome, a rare neurodegenerative disorder. In mouse-brain data, disrupting it increased expression of genes involved in 2:41 PM · Oct 21, 2026 · 51.5K Views 26 Replies · 95 Reposts · 1.26K Likes ](https://x.com/haider1/status/2112917197903540516) Not only does instantaneous literature review vastly speed up the research process, but it allows AI to make novel conceptual leaps from combining approaches from wildly different fields of research. AI regularly does this in math research, combining results, approaches, and theorems from far-flung places that no human mathematician would have thought to combine. It can do it in science, too. Much of scientific innovation, historically, has been “recombinant” innovation — scientists applying insights from one field to another. With AI, essentially all research is now cross-disciplinary — AI can read not just the literature on a particular subject, but the literature on a million other subjects that might have produced useful techniques or insights for the problem at hand. Superscience So far, all of the factors I’ve listed are ways that AI can speed up science as it’s already done. I’ve basically described how AI can send gigantic hordes of superhumanly fast, superhumanly well-read, superhumanly mathematically gifted researchers to re-accelerate scientific discovery. But it’s also possible that AI will enable types of discovery — and ways of understanding the natural world — that no network of humans, no matter how large or how brilliant it was or how long it had to work, would ever be able to discover. In a post back in July, I wrote about how that might work: What if there are lots of…aspects of the Universe that [are] too complex to understand in terms of simple laws, but not so complex that they just dissolve into unknowable chaos? It’s possible that we can reliably control these complex phenomena with AI, even if we never reduce them to the kind of principles that we can teach a grad student in a textbook… Another way of saying this is that there may be laws of the universe that humans can’t understand but AI can. I call these “cloud laws” — causal regularities that can be exploited by technology, but which are too diffuse and complex for an individual human being to either intuit or communicate… Perhaps social sciences like economics, sociology, and political science obey similarly complex regularities, and AI can help us find them. Perhaps there are physical processes — plasma, or topological materials, or aerial turbulence, etc. — that obey cloud laws instead of chaos?… [H]uman collaboration is bottlenecked — it’s limited by our ability to intuit patterns at an individual level, and to communicate these patterns from one individual to another. AI, being a computer, just doesn’t have this sort of limitation; it can work with vast, diffuse patterns without having to break them into pieces or simplify them in order to compress them into the tiny pipelines of person-to-person explanation… If much of the Universe turns out to be ruled by cloud laws, we could be on the precipice of a scientific renaissance. In order to discover cloud laws, AI will need huge amounts of data about the natural world. AI figured out human speech by assimilating essentially all of the text humans have ever written. If it’s going to figure out hidden patterns in biology, neuroscience, materials science, etc., it’s going to need similarly massive amounts of data from physical instruments. That data will be far, far more than humans — individually or collectively — would be able to parse, label, characterize, or model. But AI was built to do this. If scientists simply build huge arrays of sensors to measure complex phenomena like the brain, the cell, the economy, etc., they may be able to feed this flood of data to AI directly and bypass human cognitive intermediation entirely. AI would then learn about the world directly, and it might learn things that humans never could. This “superscience”, if you want to call it that, would actually go beyond the kind of science humans have done heretofore. Many of the technologies it yielded would be beyond human comprehension — indistinguishable from magic. But to the AIs, they would make perfect scientific sense. In any case, it seems clear that the scientific slowdown that threatened human progress will now be delayed — at least for a while. Unless humans have somehow found most of the actual exploitable regularities in our Universe, we’re about to enter a new golden age of science. Subscribe Share
Official Business: Security Companies and Authorities at Scamming Compounds in Cambodia
Amnesty International’s new report shows how private security companies were central to the operation of Cambodia’s scamming compounds and the serious
Cambodia: Politically connected security companies enabled slavery and rape in scamming compounds Cambodia security companies enabled slavery and rape in scamming compounds
Private security companies connected to Cambodia's military, police and powerful business networks have enabled trafficking and slavery.
How Forensic Scientists Decode the Scent of Human Decay
By sampling and dissecting the odors released by decomposing human bodies, forensic scientists can help police and canine searchers better locate victims’ remains.
Trump administration will allow pharmacies to make popular peptides
The Department of Health and Human Services will let small compounding pharmacies make six peptides that haven't been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. It may not be enough to meet demand.
Legends Radio highlights Claudio Jaffé’s musical passion
Claudio Jaffé COURTESY PHOTO This week's Legends Radio Local Artist Spotlight shines on internationally celebrated cellist Claudio Jaffé.For Claudio, a lifelong passion for music began at an early age. At just eleven years old, he made his orchestral debut in his native Brazil, launching a career that would take him to celebrated stages across the globe, including New York, London and Tokyo.A prizewinning performer and Yale University graduate, Jaffé has dedicated much of his career not only to musical excellence but also to sharing his knowledge with aspiring musicians. He previously served as Dean of the Lynn University Conservatory of Music.Today, Claudio serves as principal cellist of the Palm Beach Symphony, performing in the orchestra's Masterworks Concert Series at the Kravis Center. He also hosts “Symphony Sessions: Lunch & Learn,” giving music lovers an opportunity to explore the stories, composers, and preparation behind upcoming concerts. His scheduled sessions for the 2026–2027 season include February 4 and April 22.Beyond the stage, Jaffé remains deeply involved in community outreach and music education. Through school residencies, student coaching, and educational performances, he continues to share his experience with young musicians throughout Palm Beach County.His contributions reflect a career dedicated not simply to performing beautiful music but also to ensuring its appreciation continues for generations to come. His commitment to both performance and education continues to make a lasting impact on South Florida's cultural community.That is why Claudio Jaffé is this week's Legends Radio Local Artist Spotlight.
Health Secretary Kennedy opens access to some unapproved peptides
Robert F. Kennedy Jr. on Wednesday pushed forward a policy allowing licensed pharmacies and physicians to compound certain unapproved peptides.
Mississippi River: An Incredible Resource
A key component in the economic fabric of the Delta America was built on the backbone of entrepreneurs. Through the centuries, visionary men and The Mi
Charleston Ballet debuts 'Legend of Mothman', about West Virginia's famous cryptid
The Charleston Ballet debuted "The Legend of Mothman", a collaboration between Deborah Novak and choreographer Kim Pauley, Oct. 23, 2026, at the Culture Center Theater in Charleston, West Virginia. The 40-minute program featured dancers dressed in 1960s-inspired costumes and an original score by Charleston-native composer Matthew Jackfert, who hosts "Film Score Fridays" for West Virginia Public Broadcasting.
Charleston Ballet debuts 'Legend of Mothman', about West Virginia's native cryptid
The Charleston Ballet debuted "The Legend of Mothman", a collaboration between Deborah Novak and choreographer Kim Pauley, Oct. 23, 2026, at the Culture Center Theater in Charleston, West Virginia. The 40-minute program featured dancers dressed in 1960s-inspired costumes and an original score by Charleston-native composer Matthew Jackfert, who hosts "Film Score Fridays" for West Virginia Public Broadcasting.
High school football rankings: National industry composite, Week 11
Parks Associates: HDR Becoming 'Foundational Component of Premium Video Entertainment'
New research from Parks Associates shows high dynamic range (HDR) is becoming a foundational component of premium video entertainment, creating opportunities for television manufacturers, streaming services, and content creators to differentiate through picture quality. The research, “High Dynamic Range and the Future of Video,” developed in partnership with InterDigital, examines HDR’s expanding role across the … Continue reading "Parks Associates: HDR Becoming ‘Foundational Component of Premium Video Entertainment’"
Falmouth Jazz Will Present Vocalist Camila Quintero In Concert
Vocalist, composer and bandleader Camila Quintero will perform with her trio at The Gallery on Main in Falmouth on Saturday, November 14, at 6:30 PM. Tickets are $45 and available
How Eaton’s (ETN) Data Center Business Complements Amphenol’s AI Infrastructure Opportunity
Burke Wealth Management, an investment management company, released its “Focused Growth Strategy” Q3 2026 investor letter. A copy of the letter can be downloaded here. The fund delivered strong results in the third quarter of 2026, benefiting from a sharp recovery in enterprise software and solid corporate earnings amid continued market volatility. The composite returned […]
Owners of Elvis Presley’s music sue Anthropic over un-permissioned AI use
The owners of Elvis Presley’s music are suing Anthropic for using the rock icon’s songs without permission to train AI models. Much has been made of the theft component inherent
Multiple Vulnerabilities Identified in Component Used by Smile Digital Health’s Smile CDR
Four vulnerabilities have been identified in HAPI FHIR, the open-source Java library and server framework that implements the HL7 FHIR standard, that Four vulnerabilities have been identified in the HAPI FHIR open source component used in affect Smile Digital Health’s Smile CDR clinical data repository and health data platform.
Worrisome chemical found in Bay Area, Santa Cruz creeks
A toxic compound has been found at worrisome levels in some watersheds in California.
Worrisome chemical found in SF Bay Area, Santa Cruz creeks
A toxic compound has been found at worrisome levels in some watersheds in California.
Conserving a connected ocean
For Seychelles and other countries across the Western Indian Ocean region, marine conservation is a fundamental component of national development. But the ocean observes no national borders, which makes international cooperation and common financing instr
How Functional Foods Deliver Bioactive Compounds and Support Gut Health
Functional foods use delivery systems such as encapsulation, lipid carriers, and hydrogels to protect bioactive ingredients and control their release during digestion. These technologies may improve nutrient availability, but human studies are needed to establish their health benefits and long-term safety.
Scientists Discover a Plant Compound That Could Help Stop Rheumatoid Arthritis Inflammation
Scientists have identified a plant compound that reduced joint swelling and inflammation in rats with experimental arthritis. The discovery offers a potential new direction for rheumatoid arthritis tr...
Apple Stores Reportedly Rolling Out New Anti-Theft System for iPhones
Bloomberg's Mark Gurman today reported that Apple is facing a growing problem where some people will buy iPhones or other products and either remove accessories from the box, open up the device and remove components, and/or remove the entire device, and then attempt to return the box hoping that the employee will not notice.
I've got egg on my face because Steam's Personal Calendar feature has apparently been a test this whole time and is only now actually a fully fledged component
Look, I've had a lot going on, alright?
He Kept Driving for Uber and Paying for Health Insurance. Medicare Could Still Add a 10% Late-Enrollment Penalty
Driving for Uber while carrying your own health insurance feels like playing by the rules, but Medicare draws a line most gig workers never see coming, and crossing it quietly locks in a surcharge that compounds every year you stay on the road.
Apple’s official DIY repair guides for the iPhone Duo now available
Apple has published multiple repair guides and manuals for users and independent technicians looking to replace or repair individual components in the device.
Science Of Decomposition: Where Fall Fun Meets Real‑World Forensic Science
The Wawasee Area Conservancy Foundation invites the public to a one‑of‑a‑kind Halloween learning experience: Science of Decomposition, Saturday, Oct. 31.
Thermo Fisher Scientific (TMO) Benefits on Broad-Based Recovery Across Life-Science Markets
Broyhill Asset Management, a Charlotte-based firm, issued its third-quarter 2026 investor letter. The letter can be downloaded here. The Broyhill Equity Composite decreased by 0.3% in Q3, underperforming the MSCI All Country World Index, which gained 1.7%. For the first nine months of the year, the Composite returned 1.9%, compared to 13.4% for the Index. The […]
I’ve Taken a Necessary Measure to Protect Myself During Sex. Uh, It’s Going to Be Hard to Explain.
I've already gotten weird looks.
Study shows link between Alzheimer’s disease and gut health
Researchers found that people with higher levels of imidazole propionate (ImP), a compound produced by certain gut microbes, were more likely to show signs of Alzheimer’s disease.
Rock Hill property sale could be tied to Atrium Health, records show
The telecommunications company, Comporium, sold eight Rock Hill properties on Oct. 13 to a Charlotte-based company, possibly affiliated with Atrium Health.
Student-led composting business brings sustainability efforts to MSU
Starting a business is not easy. Coming up with a good idea is difficult, and securing funding and resources for it once you have it can be even harder. For Tanner Marlow, one of his startup business struggles came after those two steps. He secured ample space and the resources he needed from the university...
New Richland Lab Could Transform How Scientists Study Microbes and Boost Regional Jobs
The BriefGroundbreaking held Tuesday: PNNL officially began construction on the M2PC lab, a 30,800-square-foot facility funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science that will study soil microbes to improve crop productivity and develop new biotechnology applications. The facility will be open to researchers from around the nation and the world.Research timelines could shrink dramatically: The facility's automation and AI capabilities could reduce experiments that currently take six months to just 72 hours, allowing scientists to explore more possibilities faster than ever before.New jobs coming to the Tri-Cities: The project is expected to create positions for automation engineers, AI experts, roboticists, technicians, and skilled craftspeople, with the facility opening in 2029.RICHLAND, Wash. — Pacific Northwest National Laboratory broke ground Tuesday on a first-of-its-kind facility that could accelerate scientific discoveries about the microscopic organisms living in soil—organisms that may hold the key to growing more food and developing new energy technologies.The Microbial Molecular Phenotyping Capability, or M2PC, represents a significant investment in automation and artificial intelligence to speed up research that traditionally takes years to complete. The 30,800-square-foot facility will house more than 100 connected automated instruments designed to study microbes at a pace and scale never before possible.Reshaping Agriculture's FutureThe M2PC facility will not put a new tool directly into a farmer's hands tomorrow morning, but it is actively reshaping the commercial pipeline to solve agriculture's biggest headache with biologicals: inconsistent field performance. For years, PNNL researchers have explored how microbes work and how they might help produce useful materials, advance energy technologies, and address challenges involving critical materials and minerals. But those experiments have been limited by what researchers could accomplish by hand."They can be used to provide nutrients to a plant so that the plant would grow more. So, like increasing your crop productivity, for example," said Douglas Mans, PNNL's Associate Laboratory Director for Integrated Discovery Sciences.PNNL's own research shows soil microbes can help plants access nutrients and withstand drought—benefits that could prove crucial as farmers face growing environmental pressures. The M2PC facility will allow scientists to identify and optimize useful microbes faster than ever before, accelerating the development of biological solutions that actually work consistently in the field.What Makes M2PC UniqueThe Microbial Molecular Phenotyping Capability differs from traditional research labs because it operates as a first-of-its-kind, AI-enabled autonomous laboratory designed to shrink experimental timelines from years down to months or weeks. The M2PC lab will connect more than 100 automated instruments to grow microbes, prepare samples, measure their behavior, and link observations to the molecular processes behind them. Artificial intelligence will help analyze results and guide the next experiments, allowing scientists to explore more questions faster.Deb Gracio, PNNL Director, emphasized the transformative potential during Tuesday's groundbreaking ceremony: "Research that has taken years will become possible in months and hopefully in weeks."That acceleration is already being demonstrated. PNNL's smaller automated lab, called the Anaerobic Microbial Phenotyping Platform or AMP2, completed three experimental cycles in just 72 hours—a process that normally would have taken about six months."That normally would have taken us about six months … and we were able to do that in 72 hours," Mans said.The AMP2 laboratory is not being closed or replaced. Instead, the current 1,800-square-foot laboratory serves as an active prototype and precursor for the much larger M2PC facility. AMP2 will continue operating as a separate lab designed to run anaerobic experiments—those conducted in the absence of oxygen—while M2PC will focus on aerobic research.Broader Applications Beyond AgricultureWhile improving crop productivity is one important application, the M2PC facility is designed to support research into multiple areas critical to national priorities. The lab will advance research into biofuels, manufacturing materials, and energy technologies. It will also help researchers understand how microbes respond to environmental changes and how to design biological systems for biotechnology applications.As a flagship component of the Department of Energy's Genesis Mission, M2PC represents a significant investment in using artificial intelligence and automation to accelerate U.S. scientific discovery. Dorothy Koch, Associate Director of the DOE Office of Science Biological and Environmental Research program, highlighted the facility's importance during the groundbreaking."M2PC will accelerate biological discovery and design," Koch said, noting that the facility is expected to conduct a minimum of 500 strain experiments per week, 100 microbiome experiments per week, and take a million measurements per month.Economic Opportunity for the RegionBeyond the scientific breakthroughs, the M2PC project represents significant economic opportunity for the Tri-Cities region. The facility will require hiring automation engineers, AI experts, technicians skilled in operating robotics, and specialized craftspeople to build and maintain the sophisticated equipment."We're anticipating that type of hiring," Mans said when asked about job creation.PNNL has already begun recruiting talent nationally and internationally for positions related to the smaller AMP2 lab, bringing automation engineers from cities like Boston and San Francisco to work in the region. The M2PC facility is expected to accelerate that trend."This capability won't really exist anywhere else in the world," Mans said, suggesting the facility could become a draw for scientific talent seeking to work on cutting-edge biotechnology research.Timeline and Next StepsThe M2PC facility is expected to open in 2029. Between now and then, construction crews will level and prepare the ground, while the building takes shape. Simultaneously, Ginkgo Bio Works, the automation contractor, will build the facility's automation components off-site so they can be installed as the building is completed.In the interim, PNNL researchers and the broader scientific community will begin planning the first experiments to be conducted in the facility, ensuring research is lined up and ready to begin as soon as the doors open.The groundbreaking ceremony included representatives from the Department of Energy, PNNL leadership, and elected officials at the federal, state, and local levels, underscoring the project's significance to the region and the nation's biotechnology future. News The U.S. Department of Energy Secretary tours Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Dan Hanson, Apple Valley News Now News Beyond DNA: Scientists Explore New Frontiers in Biology Research Dan Hanson, Apple Valley News Now News TRIDEC optimistic that Hanford, PNNL will see funding in national budget Robert Desaulniers News Big picture science: monitoring the Yakima River Basin News PNNL research could shape the future of fighting fentanyl COPYRIGHT 2026 BY APPLE VALLEY NEWS NOW. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. THIS MATERIAL MAY NOT BE PUBLISHED, BROADCAST, REWRITTEN OR REDISTRIBUTED.
Neat goes national: KU business alum takes his sweat-hiding T-shirt to ‘Shark Tank’ Nov. 4
It’s a neat pitch: shirts for men who sweat and would rather not show it: the job interview, the first date, the big presentation. Patented technology is built into the fabric so professionals look composed when it counts, Jim Huffman said, describing the product he’s sharing with TV’s highest-profile investors.
Sundar Pichai: Google’s Frontier Imperative, Compute Scarcity Dilemmas, Future AI Products and Businesses
Alphabet CEO Sundar Pichai has little patience for doubts about Google’s willingness or capacity to compete at the frontier of AI. His company’s latest Gemini 4 Argon model — long-promised and recently delivered — beats OpenAI and Anthropic’s latest public models on coding, math, science, and knowledge-work benchmarks and has placed Google’s AI back among the world’s best. Amid chatter that Google was fine with good-enough lightweight ‘Flash’ models, Pichai pushed back hard against any suggestion that company is limiting its research ambitions. “We won’t do it any other way,” he told me in a Big Technology Podcast interview recorded this week at Google’s Mountain View headquarters. Pursuing cutting-edge research is costly for Google, requiring compute and chips that otherwise could be sold at a high markup by its cloud business. But Pichai said allocating resources to frontier AI development is “ground zero” for Google. “Our cloud business is at any given moment in time forgoing short-term revenues because we are making compute trade-offs to support frontier AI development,” Pichai told me. In our conversation, we discussed Argon (which Pichai says processed three times as many tokens as Gemini 3 in the 72 hours after launch), AI’s role in developing better models, the AI interface of the future, competition with OpenAI, Google’s partnerships with Anthropic and Apple, data centers in space, and the nature of his optimism. You can read the full conversation, lightly edited for length and clarity, below, or listen to it on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube, or your podcast app of choice. Alex Kantrowitz: Google is back at the frontier with Gemini 4 Argon, which beats OpenAI’s and Anthropic’s public models on benchmarks spanning coding, math, science, and knowledge work. The conventional wisdom was that Google had given up on the frontier to focus on fast, good-enough models for its products. That was wrong? Sundar Pichai: Very wrong. Look, we are so committed to being at the frontier. It’s in our DNA. We won’t do it any other way. We’ve been thinking about the AI frontier for well over a decade now. The frontier is very dynamic. It’s very competitive. It’s very exciting. I couldn’t be more pleased with how Argon has come together. We took our time with it. We made sure we tested it safely and deployed it carefully. We took a bit longer than our other models, given its capabilities. Across the board, be it for agentic work, knowledge work, coding, creative tasks, Argon is one of the really good frontier models. The first 72 hours since we launched, it’s almost up to 25 trillion tokens used, which is about three times what Gemini 3.0 had in the first 72 hours. And we are capacity constrained as we are serving it. Excited, but there are always areas….. You know, the frontier is very dynamic, and you have to keep evolving the models. There are areas which we can see we need to improve as well. We’ll be at work on all of that as well. Which areas? On any given model, Argon would be across the board better at everything if you just look even two months back. But the space is so evolving. Even on coding, for example, there are pockets where we know we need to do better, and there’s clear feedback. We’ll make it better. The argument for standard models is that they’re already good enough to build great products, with the frontier valuable only for certain tasks. Meta built Muse with good models rather than the best, and Google could put standard models into Maps, Gmail, and Search. Why isn’t that sufficient? It’s definitely not how I have thought about it at all. We are deeply committed to driving the state of the art and actually pushing where this technology can go, all the way from transformers. That’s a journey we’ve been on. You will see us continue to do that. When you’re at the frontier, you get an earlier look into the emerging capabilities, earlier than others, which helps you better prepare for the future. We are fortunate to have a wide set of opportunities across consumer and enterprise. Some of our cloud customers, for sure, want the model at the frontier. The frontier models will be better at developing the next set of models in an era of recursive self-improvement. I would argue it matters there. Internally, we have definitely seen a steep point of inflection by deploying Argon to our developers. It definitely tackles problems which our previous models could not do. Being at the frontier puts you at the innovation frontier and helps you drive that as well. There is room for models of all sizes and capabilities. That’s why we did Flash, Flash-Lite, etc. I agree with you that you can develop very good product experiences with not necessarily the most frontier model, because they tend to be slower and more expensive too. But we care about the Pareto frontier, and we’re committed to doing all of that. You said developing frontier models gives you a look at what’s coming. What do you see on the horizon? What makes this moment so exciting is you build something which you think is a culmination of months of work, and you put it out. You already see clear headroom ahead. We’ve all been working on these agentic, long-horizon capabilities, but clearly the frontier is going to have multiple of these agents working together to do things. That’s an example of an exciting paradigm underway. It’s also clear to me that users, both in consumer and enterprise, will have access to some multi-agent framework for them, working all the time doing things. It feels like a moment of infinite possibilities. Sergey Brin said one of Argon’s core innovations was relying more on the model to help develop the model. Yet incidents involving OpenAI’s bots breaking containment and Google’s bots accessing a site they shouldn’t have suggest these systems still aren’t perfectly aligned. Isn’t there reasonable cause for concern about accelerating toward recursive self-improvement? There are three parts to your question. Let’s first talk about RSI itself. You’re right, Sergey mentioned RSI being a critical contributor as we are developing Argon. But to be very clear, today, in a continuum, we are pretty far from the end state of RSI or something like that. The right way to describe it is you have RSI loops along with AI researchers in various aspects of model development. You almost have agents helping AI researchers in some automated way work together to build these models. It’s good to at least understand where we are today, and it’s super exciting. I expect that continuum to keep making progress as we go into next year. The second question is around safety. Security comes from defense in depth. You’re talking about alignment, obviously. We all are doing a lot of work to make sure the models are as aligned as possible. But it’s an active area of research, and there are clear gaps. That’s not the only thing we rely on. You have the work you do on alignment, but beyond that, we put a lot of effort into real-time monitoring as these models are working. Making sure you have good telemetry into what’s happening so that you can intervene in real time if you see unexpected behaviors. How you do that, the architecture with which you do that, how you make sure it’s all sandboxed and isolated in a way that it can continue doing its job during real-time monitoring — these are all areas of investment. Obviously, when we deploy these models, giving customers, enterprises, control, both with real-time monitoring, but their ability to decide where they deploy, what type of data which models ever have access to, etc. All that work is very, very important, and we are doing a lot of that. As an industry, we need to constantly up our game and take the time to do all this stuff, including dedicating the compute required to make sure you can safely deploy these models. The third part is: Is it all enough? This is why there are a lot of conversations in the industry, and I think it’s reasonable to be worried. The right way to approach something you worry about is early on thinking about what more we can do. As an industry, you’re definitely seeing increased levels of work on alignment, testing for safety, etc., as we deploy these models. The next step would be developing better standards so there are cross-industry standards of how we do these things, including the ability to evaluate using independent evaluators. If you look at areas like financial controls, we have accounting standards, we have independent auditors. Those are all the next natural steps for us as an industry to work toward, and regulation will end up playing a role as we go through all of that as well. Google pursues both language models and world models, while some other AI companies like OpenAI have focused more heavily on LLMs as the path to AGI. Why is world-model research important to you? As humans, you obviously perceive the world around you, and you’re taking all those inputs. Making sure these models are able to understand the laws of physics, simulate the world in high fidelity. All that, I think, are key enabling blocks for intelligence. We are working across all possible applications of this. Take an area like robotics. It’s not an accident: If you look at embodied reasoning benchmarks, Argon is state of the art. That all comes from our experience building world models. Inherently, I would expect there will be architectures which will converge all of this in the future. But for us, we view this as, today, this jagged frontier that is intelligence. We want to be at the frontier of all the possible approaches, and that will help us both drive better research, better insights, and develop a much better AGI model, is how we think about it. Some people argue Google should focus on selling its computing resources rather than using them for AI research. Cloud wants to sell compute at a high markup, while researchers need a very big computer to build the best models. How do you balance those demands? Ground zero for us is making sure we are investing in the compute that’s needed to be at the AI frontier. In 2015, I set the company to be AI-first. AI is that key horizontal ingredient across everything we do, all the way from Search to Cloud to Waymo. That is ground zero for us, making sure both for research and developing the models that we have enough compute needed. Beyond that, we have these independent businesses which each have their own long-range plans. They’re using those long-range plans to project forward, and we plan for compute for all of them. The cloud team, they have a business and they have a projection and they have demand signals. They have committed contracts. With that help, we can plan on a long-term compute trajectory for them. We’re fortunate to have this wide set of opportunities. There’s no company in the world which isn’t making trade-offs at any given moment in time. But the first principles we operate on is making sure we have enough compute to invest in the frontier, and that’s non-negotiable, and everything else works on top. Remember, we are building our own compute, our own data centers. There are long lead times. The compute we have today is a function of decisions I made in 2024. Even if you think back to a year from today, last year the agentic coding takeoff hadn’t happened. Today, obviously, when you sit and look at anything, everyone is short—not just us, other companies—and everyone wishes you had two times what you had planned for. That comes with the territory. At any given moment in time, we are planning for what we would need two to three years out in the future. You’re going to find some decisions you make may look suboptimal two years out, depending on where the state of the art is. I don’t spend too much time thinking about it. The way I think about compute allocation is making sure Google DeepMind, both for research and frontier model development, is cutting edge in terms of compute access. After that, we plan for all our businesses. It’s great we can provide our compute to other people too, like we have done. It allows us to scale that up, get real tests for it in the widest application set possible, test it in the real world, and make sure we are at the cutting edge of technology at every layer of our AI stack as well. Ben Horowitz relayed on a podcast that Andy Jassy had said compute was sold out until 2028. Are you seeing the same thing? If today a customer is coming out and asking us for compute in ’27, that is incredibly difficult to do. Even last year we went out and leased some short-term compute to accommodate some customers and help them out. But yes, we are all dealing with similar timelines. Every major technology shift seems to involve overbuilding, from railroads to fiber. Do you think that’s happening here? It depends on the time frames you’re looking at. This level of build, if I take a long enough time frame, it makes complete sense to me. We are at early stages of the most consequential technology ever, and this is not like fiber. It’s not dark. We are using it. We are capacity constrained on a daily basis. The applications, the underlying technology is improving rapidly. But running a company, the way I work through the moment is you look at your demand signals. You look at your committed revenue opportunities that you’re getting in the form of contracts. You balance that with the underlying technical capability, or internally you balance how we are using it internally, the model trajectories. Based on all that, you take a disciplined approach—a confident, aggressive, but disciplined approach—to plan out compute. But when you talk about the broader economy as a whole, you’re having people operate with various levels of risk. I focus on what I can control as a company and plan through it. If your question is, can there be an overbuild? Yes, because you can have some constrained components. Remember, what matters is a set of everything you need to build out that compute. Memory, electricity, electricians…. Land. Like 2,000 components or more. You could get constrained at some point. There could be things which cause bottlenecks, and then you could have overbuilds. There could be external shocks to the economy. There are macro risks. All that is possible at any given time. But am I confident that the compute we are planning for, we will have uses for it given enough time? Absolutely, yes. I was in the room when you said AI would be as profound as fire and electricity. If you believe that, shouldn’t you give researchers the biggest possible computer, even at the expense of today’s cloud profits? We’re all doing some form of that. Our cloud business is at any given moment in time forgoing short-term revenues because we are making compute trade-offs to support frontier AI development. What you’re seeing is true already. But you want to be thoughtful. Even our AI researchers have some constraints, which are also good. That’s what inspires creativity. That’s what helps you come up with a more efficient algorithmic breakthrough, maybe to use less memory. What we are committed to is to invest what’s needed to stay at the frontier. OpenAI President Greg Brockman told me a few months ago that the ideal AI product might have no interface at all—just as natural as conversation. What do you think the interface looks like in the age of AI? Computing historically has been humans adapting to computing. With AI, it’ll be the other way around. The technology will adapt seamlessly to how humans live and go about their day-to-day life. You want to be able to speak to that AI when you want to. It has context. It can be persistently running somewhere, give you continuity. You’re not dealing with a lot of complexity. It’s natural. All that makes sense to me. That doesn’t mean it won’t have any interface, however. Nowadays, even on my phone, Gemini voice models are so good. I can just press the microphone button. I can just ramble. That’s why we call it Rambler. I can ramble. It intelligently corrects with my personal context. Even my friends’ names, weird names, it gets it right, even if it first guesses it wrong. It’s amazing. I’m not going in, backspacing, editing once I finish saying it. It’s remarkable how good it’s gotten. But there are going to be moments you will need an interface. You may want to entertain yourself. You may want to watch a video. You may ask your AI to create something, and you want to watch it, consume it. The way I think about it is, you want it to be as seamless and as natural as possible, and that you are not doing the hard work adapting to whatever the interface is. The technology is adapting to how you’re working at any given moment in time. When I asked Sam Altman about competition from Google, he argued that OpenAI was building AI-native products and implied Google was bolting AI onto existing ones. Do you accept that framing, and can a “bolt-on” compete with an AI-native product? First of all, it’s a very dynamic moment. We are all pushing each other. OpenAI has pushed us as a company too. This is not just we are doing something to them. Far from it. Yes, Google went into its own version of a code red too. In the AI moment, all of us have to respond with varying levels of urgency at any given moment in time. We are constantly building new products as well. Gemini was built from the ground up as a product—the Gemini app I’m talking about. Or tomorrow, as all of us are adapting to agents, are you bolting agents onto ChatGPT, or are they building it natively? How would you think about that? You can always put these questions back. I don’t think of it that way. I think of it as you want to build world-class product experiences that are AI-native and they are winning. Some of it is adapting products, some of it is rethinking new experiences. They will all be part of how you approach this moment. How do you expect to make money from these AI interfaces? If an agent recommends a product and I buy it, should it take a cut of the sale, even if that’s disclosed? I’m going to put enterprise aside. Consumers are going to increasingly value this technology. Take software developers today. Developers are willing to pay for these coding models because it really helps make them more productive. Nobody would want to code the way they were coding three years ago, or even the same time last year. When you’re delivering value, there’s value to be had. I’ve never seen examples where consumer products really scale to billions of users, where people are using it intensely, and haven’t had monetization to go along with it. If you’re providing value to people, there is inherent value to be had. The nature of it may change. You’re asking a scenario in which agents are doing stuff for you. At the end of the day, you will have commercial needs. The agents need to fulfill those commercial needs. The providers on the other side are going to see value in that. There’s going to be some mechanism by which it gets fleshed out. That’s what an efficient system does. But what matters is that you’re building those world-class consumer experiences. I promised myself one product feature request: Can you make Gemini-powered search in Gmail as good as searching Gmail through ChatGPT? What’s going on here? One of the exciting things we announced recently is the unified Gemini agent for enterprise, and we’re bringing that to consumers. These are persistent agents which run 24/7 in the cloud. We’re spinning up a micro VM effectively for every query, and from the runtime, the harness, the model—it’s all a headless service. It’ll work everywhere, and it has your context with you. You can address this agent whether you’re in Workspace, in Search, in Gemini. Agents are going to drive this unification from a customer experience, which people are looking for. When you have a broad product portfolio and you’re moving forward fast, there are always areas where you’re moving forward faster than some other areas. That’s valid feedback. But we are putting a lot of time and effort into making sure, as we build out our agentic experience, that unification and that capability works well across all these services. People have asked where Google’s equivalent of Muse or Dots is. Do you anticipate creating a new product to compete with them? Our goal with Gemini is to be a personal, proactive, and powerful assistant. That’s what we are working toward. You saw us describe the early versions of it at Google I/O this year with Spark. Effectively, already, if you open the Gemini app as a Pro or an Ultra user, you see Chat and Task, and they start giving you that agentic experience. With Argon now, that capability is dramatically accelerated. What we announced recently in our enterprise event, we are bringing that to consumers as well. Soon in Gemini, you will be able to ask something, and it’s a continuum. You don’t need to think about whether you’re asking a chat or an agentic task. It’ll just automatically do the right thing, and it can work persistently in the background securely and get things done for you. Already, empirically, when I look at what’s coming into Gemini in our app, last year you would have tagged them and most of them would have been chats. But a steadily growing percentage is already agentic tasks in Gemini. Yes, we are going to bring personal agents to our consumers. It’ll work in the Gemini app. It’ll work in Google Search. It’ll work in Gmail. You can address it, call it, etc. We want to make sure we’re getting it right. It’ll be powered by Argon, and we are very excited to bring it to our users. Google has invested and committed tens of billions of dollars to Anthropic. What do you see in Dario Amodei that makes you want such a deep investment and partnership? Very early on, when we looked at the founding team of Anthropic, it was very clear to us this was a world-class team which was involved in some of the earliest GPT models. We were quickly able to assess that they would be at the frontier. We’ve always tried to identify and partner with companies which would be at the cutting edge of technology. We’ve done that with SpaceX. We’ve done that with Anthropic. That’s what we saw, and we had a chance to partner. Is your partnership with Apple to license Gemini for Siri expanding, contracting, or standing still? For both us and Apple, that partnership was about translating the capabilities of AI into better experiences for users. I thought Apple has done a phenomenal job of incorporating—they customize these models and build it into Siri—and it’s been great to see the reception. We are committed to doing more. You’re going to do more with them? There’s nothing specific to comment, but it’s a partnership. It’s working well. What have you learned so far about the feasibility of data centers in space? It’s a very exciting project. Projects like this remind me—I still recall that moment in the desert for the DARPA Grand Challenge, watching the Stanley car compete in it, which ended up being the basis for Waymo. With all these technologies, you’re at a moment in time where it looks a bit like sci-fi, but 10 to 20 years down the line, it’s actually working in a meaningful way. I feel the same in space. We’ve always believed in betting big on these technologies. Quantum has been a great example of it. We’re probably 10 years into the journey. Waymo, we are almost 20 years into the journey. Space, we are two to three years into the journey. It’s clear to me that it’s an approach which will make a lot of sense in the future. Being in sub-synchronous orbits with 24/7 access to the most abundant form of energy we have access to will make a lot of sense for this exponential increase in compute that we are going to need. Having said that, this is a challenging project. The team has disciplined milestones. It was a super exciting milestone to send the TPUs up to space. Sometime, as we are speaking, we are expecting a “hello world” moment from them. I look forward to seeing that happen, and we’ll continue investing here too. You previously said 25% of the code written within Google was written by AI. What’s the number today? That number in our world today is meaningless in the sense that every part of what we now touch is influenced by AI deeply. What we are tracking with Argon, for example, it’s been a point of inflection. People are using Argon to really go tackle complex projects, including projects which affect millions of lines of code. In the four weeks since we have launched Argon, we have seen a 30% increase in CLs, and more importantly, almost a similar increase—a one-third decrease in rollbacks. People are writing code more productively and better code with it. We are tracking it with newer metrics now. How are you dealing with opposition to data centers? If you can’t build in the U.S. the way you want to, where else do you go? We’re very committed to building our data centers very responsibly. When I look at our largest data centers in some of the communities where we have been the longest, I visit them, I talk to people. There are people who come and tell us their kids have gone to college because of our investments in these communities, and we’ve grown in those communities. To me, this is about doing it right. Engaging with the communities early, doing it transparently. We are committed to making sure we are bringing incremental power, and we cover 100% of the cost of our power needs for these projects. It’s understanding the impact on neighborhoods and making sure you’re working thoroughly to address them. Done rightly, you can continue making progress. But we are constantly taking feedback into account. I do worry not everyone operates the same way. People have been surprised by data centers showing up in their backyard. Those are all important. As an industry, we should continue to do better. But part of the reason, in a 20-year time frame, we are thinking about things like data centers in space is making sure we are able to put these data centers where maybe the trade-offs will be different. What unproven area of AI is Google working hardest to crack? Is it continual learning—getting models to keep updating after release—or something else? There are multiple parallel paths. You saw with Argon we have a million output tokens. With our Gemini models early on, we had a one-million context window on the input side. These are all examples of breakthroughs we are constantly working on. How do you think about synthetic data? How do you think about continual learning? How do you think about more efficient architectures? We do dedicate a meaningful percentage of our compute to these research bets too. It always goes hand in hand, including our world models. Those are all bets we are placing. Sometimes, as part of these bets, there are ideas that emerge which just make their way into the mainline models. Maybe we don’t fully talk about it, but we have multiple steps in these areas. Working in technology requires optimism that building something will improve the world, but those bets can leave real consequences when they fail. I recently returned to a town in El Salvador where enthusiasm for Bitcoin had given way to unfinished construction and something resembling a ghost town. How do you maintain the optimism you spoke about in your Stanford commencement address while accounting for those risks? I genuinely have a deep conviction that improving technology and improving access to technology makes people’s lives better. It’s been my personal experience in my life, out of which comes that deep conviction, optimism. But with that, I’ve always felt humanity’s journey is always about working hard to harness that technology to make it work well for society. The optimism is not an optimism that you just build whatever you want, whenever. You work hard to make sure you’re building technology in the service of humanity, to make the human condition better. That’s got to be the defining goal as we are approaching it. With that framework, I’m very, very optimistic. We are in very early stages of the kind of progress that we are going to see on many areas. We’re all talking about areas like healthcare. A lot of the progress is ahead. The ability to make things in a fundamentally cheaper way on many things where things have been getting expensive for a long, long time, discovering new materials, etc., which really bend the curve—it’s tough to step today and understand the impact of all that, but they’re going to be very profound. I’m very optimistic, but we have to be rightfully concerned about all the ways this technology can go wrong. Sundar, I know you don’t do many of these. Thank you. Thanks, Alex. Appreciate it.
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